Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.5 Earthquake hits the northern Mid-Atlantic ridge.

5.4 Earthquake hits New Britain, Papua New Guinea.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are no current tropical storms.

NewsBytes:

Germany - Germany has been inundated by heavy rain and thunderstorms. Some parts of the capital, Berlin, have been left under water. Traffic slowed to a halt in some parts of the city due to the torrential downpour. The storms are expected to continue over the weekend, particularly in the east of the country. Germany has endured more than its fair share of bad weather recently. A storm in the north of the country claimed the lives of two people last week.

Mexico - The rainy season has hit Mexico City where a deluge caused havoc yesterday. Heavy rains lashed the city beginning in the late afternoon, causing flash flooding that stranded motorists in their submerged vehicles, forced the closure of key transportation infrastructure and flooded people’s homes. Up to 70 millimeters of rain fell on some parts of the city.

Wildlife

Large-scale study shows neonic pesticides harm bees

The most extensive study to date on neonicotinoid pesticides concludes that they harm both honeybees and wild bees. Researchers said that exposure to the chemicals left honeybee hives less likely to survive over winter, while bumblebees and solitary bees produced fewer queens.

The study spanned 2,000 hectares across the UK, Germany and Hungary and was set up to establish the "real-world" impacts of the pesticides.

Neonicotinoids were placed under a temporary ban in Europe in 2013 after concerns about their impact on bees. The European Commission told the BBC that it intends to put forward a new proposal to further restrict the use of the chemicals.

Prof Richard Pywell, from the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology in Oxfordshire, who carried out the research, told BBC News: "Our findings are a cause for serious concern. "We've shown for the first time negative effects of neonicotinoid-coated seed dressings on honeybees and we've also shown similar negative effects on wild bees. "This is important because many crops globally are insect pollinated and without pollinators we would struggle to produce some foods."

However, Bayer, a major producer of neonicotinoids which part-funded the study, said the findings were inconclusive and that it remained convinced the pesticides were not bad for bees.

A second study published in the journal Science looked at commercial corn-growing areas of Canada. The scientists found that worker bees exposed to neonicotinoids had lower life expectancies and their colonies were more likely to permanently lose queens.

African Ark

Thousands of wild animals are being moved across parts of Africa in an attempt to restore their populations in Mozambique, where a bloody 15-year civil war nearly wiped them out.

Neighboring Zimbabwe is donating and transporting 50 elephants, 100 giraffes, 200 zebras and 200 water buffaloes to Mozambique’s Zinave National Park in one of Africa’s largest ever wildlife transfers.

In total, about 7,500 wild animals from Zimbabwe, South Africa and elsewhere in Mozambique will be relocated during the next three years to help Zinave officials restore the park’s diversity.

Gelatinous Invasion

Scientists are baffled by the mounting invasion of jellylike organisms that are clogging fishing gear from California to British Columbia this year.

The glowing, tubular pyrosome clusters are typically found in the tropics far from shore, but they have spread northward right along the Pacific Coast in recent years.

There are now reports of them as far north as Sitka, Alaska.

Some West Coast fishermen say there are now so many of the “sea pickles” in the water that it is impossible to catch anything else.

Environment

Global Temperature Extremes

The week's hottest temperature was 127.0 degrees Fahrenheit (52.8 degrees Celsius) in Death Valley, California.

The week's coldest temperature was minus 108.0 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 77.8 degrees Celsius) at Vostok, Antarctica.

Temperatures were tabulated from the more than 10,000 worldwide synoptic weather stations. The United Nations World Meteorological Organization sets the standards for weather observations, and provides a global telecommunications circuit for data distribution.

Wildfires

Wildfires - USA

Gusty winds and soaring temperatures have spread wildfires in numerous states across the Southwest, forcing hundreds of residents from their homes.

The National Interagency Fire Center said Thursday that six states including Arizona, California and New Mexico are dealing with "multiple large fires," with more than 8,000 firefighters and support workers battling the blazes. The Interagency has raised the danger level, which helps mobilize additional resources.

In Central Arizona's Yavapai County, the Goodwin Fire — named for the area near where the fire started — has engulfed more than 20,000 acres of mostly scrubland known locally as chaparral. The fire is also threatening several residential communities, spurring the evacuation of at least 1,500 people.

Officials say lightning sparked the Frye Fire earlier this month. It continues to burn around 40,000 acres of rugged terrain in Arizona's Pinaleno Mountain Range. With more than 800 emergency workers battling it, the fire is at 45 percent containment.

In neighboring Utah, a massive blaze in Brian Head is burning around 60,000 acres, spurring evacuations.

And in California, multiple wildfires have also triggered dozens of evacuations and burned homes and cars.

Disease

Polio: Syria Update

In a follow-up on the polio outbreak in Syria, five new cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) were reported in the past week, bringing the total of cVDPV2 cases to 22.

Yemen - Cholera Epidemic Update

The Ministry of Public Health and Population of Yemen has recorded a total of 39,688 suspected cholera cases and 183 associated deaths during the past week 22 to 27 June 2017. According to a World Health Organization Daily Epidemiology update today, 231,364 suspected cholera cases and 1,439 deaths have been recorded since April 27.

Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity - Ongoing Activity for the week of 21 June - 27 June 2017

Bagana | Bougainville (Papua New Guinea) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery and model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 22 and 25 June ash plumes from Bagana drifted NW at an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l.

Bezymianny | Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that a powerful explosion at Bezymianny on 16 June generated an ash plume that rose as high as 12 km (39,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 700 km E and SE. Nighttime incandescence from the lava dome was observed at night afterwards, and a lava flow emerged from the W flank of the dome. A thermal anomaly was identified daily in satellite images during 16-23 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Cleveland | Chuginadak Island (USA) : AVO reported that there have been no detections of anomalous seismicity or infrasound at Cleveland since a brief explosion on 16 May. Satellite-based evidence of continuing lava effusion was observed on 7 June but since then surface temperatures had become weaker. On 26 June AVO lowered the Aviation colour Code to Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level to Advisory.

Dukono | Halmahera (Indonesia) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery, wind model data, and notices from PVMBG, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 21-27 June ash plumes from Dukono rose to altitudes of 1.5-2.1 km (5,000-7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted in multiple directions.

Ebeko | Paramushir Island (Russia) : Based on observations by residents of Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island), about 7 km E of Ebeko, KVERT reported that explosions on 17 and 21 June generated ash plumes that rose as high as 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Kilauea | Hawaiian Islands (USA) : During 21-27 June HVO reported that the lava lake continued to rise, fall, and spatter in Kilauea’s Overlook crater. Webcams recorded incandescence from long-active sources within Pu'u 'O'o Crater, from a vent high on the NE flank of the cone, and from a small lava pond (which had many small spattering sites along the margin) in a pit on the W side of the crater. The 61G lava flow, originating from a vent on Pu'u 'O'o Crater's E flank, continued to enter the ocean at Kamokuna. Field observations on 31 May revealed that the lava delta had grown to an area of approximately 0.01 square kilometers. A solidified lava ramp extended from the tube exit high on the sea cliff down to the delta, whose leading edge was about 100 m from the tube exit on the sea cliff. Lava flows from the upper portion of the flow field continued to advance downslope, producing surface flows above the pali.

Klyuchevskoy | Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that during 16-17 June a weak thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images at Klyuchevskoy. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose to 6-7 km (19,700-23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted about 300 km E and W during 16-17 and 22 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Langila | New Britain (Papua New Guinea) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 21 June ash plumes from Langila rose 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NW.

Poas | Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported low-amplitude tremor with occasional periods of low-amplitude long-period events detected at Poás during 20-25 June. Plumes of reddish-coloured ash, water vapor, and magmatic gases were recorded rising as high as 500 m above two vents during 20-21 June. Magmatic gases and water vapor plumes rose as high as 1 km above the vents the rest of the period.

Sabancaya | Peru : Observatorio Vulcanológico del Sur del IGP (OVS-IGP) and Observatorio Vulcanológico del INGEMMET (OVI) reported that explosive activity at Sabancaya decreased from the previous week; there was an average of 15 explosions recorded per day during 19-25 June. The explosions were also less energetic. Gas-and-ash plumes rose as high as 3.5 km above the crater rim and drifted more than 40 km S. The MIROVA system detected as many as 10 thermal anomalies, spread over the SE, N, and NE flanks. Sulfur dioxide flux was as high as 5,700 tons per day, recorded on 24 June.

Sinabung | Indonesia | 3.17°N, 98.392°E | Elevation 2460 m

Based on PVMBG observations, satellite images, and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 21-27 June ash plumes from Sinabung rose 3-5.2 km (10,000-17,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted in multiple directions.

Stromboli | Aeolian Islands (Italy) : INGV reported that during 22-26 June explosions at the N1 vent, one of two vents that comprise Stromboli’s N Area, ejected material as high as 200 m above the vent. Explosive activity at the second vent, N2, ejected tephra 150 m high that fell within the crater terrace as well as beyond the crater rim. Intense spattering at N2 was noted on 26 June. Explosions from the N Area vents occurred at a rate of 10-14 events per hour. Vent C in the CS Area discontinuously puffed, and spattering also occurred on 26 June. Explosions from the S1 vents (also part of the CS Area) ejected tephra 150 m high. Explosions from the CS Area occurred between 5 and 10 events per hour.

Turrialba | Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported that during 20-25 June seismicity at Turrialba was characterized by low-to-medium amplitude tremor, and a small number of low-amplitude volcano-tectonic and long-period events. Plumes of water vapor and magmatic gases rose as high as 1 km above the crater. The gases were strongly incandescent at night during 22-23 June.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.9 Earthquake hits the Kermedec Islands.

5.6 Earthquake hits the Kermedec Islands.

5.0 Earthquake hits Vanuatu.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

With the dissipation of post-tropical cyclone Dora, there are no further current tropical storms.

Global Warming

A warming Antarctica will create new animal habitats.

As climate change continues to cause massive melting and ice loss in Antarctica, new habitats may begin to open up for wildlife across the thawing continent, scientists reported Wednesday. But while that may sound like a boon for plants, microbes, birds and other organisms, they caution that this is not necessarily a good thing for the fragile Antarctic ecosystem.

As more ice-free space opens up across the continent, previously isolated species may begin to spread out and come in contact with each other. And as they’re increasingly forced to compete for resources, some organisms may emerge dominant — and others may start to disappear, write a team of researchers in a new study, just published in the journal Nature.

While Antarctica is a largely frozen continent, isolated ice-free areas — including exposed mountaintops, cliffs, valleys and islands — are already scattered across the region and may range in size from less than a square mile to hundreds of square miles. They may be separated by anywhere from a few feet to dozens or hundreds of miles.

Secluded as they may be in some cases, these areas can be home to various species of vegetation, microbes, worms or insects and other small organisms, and may also serve as breeding grounds for animals like seals and seabirds. These species tend to be highly specialized for the extreme conditions in which they live. Some of them may be dormant throughout much of the year. Others may have developed specific adaptations that allow them to survive in conditions with high winds, little water or extreme low temperatures.

Additionally, some species are found only in very specific areas — in fact, a few have only been recorded in a single ice-free zone. Others may be more widespread across the continent, but may have developed different adaptations in different areas. In general, Antarctica is home to many diverse and fragile communities that may be highly susceptible to environmental change.

Disease

India: Cutaneous anthrax outbreak

At least five men from Kodipunjuvalasa of Araku Valley Mandal in Visakhapatnam district in the state of Andhra Pradesh have contracted confirmed cutaneous anthrax, according to Indian media. The five patients were admitted to the hospital and treated Sunday with boils that developed on their hands and fingers. It is reported that they consumed the meat of a goat infected with anthrax.

India: H1N1 influenza in Maharashtra, Malaria in Andhra Pradesh

In Maharashtra State in west-central India is reporting an outbreak of H1N1 influenza, resulting in 260 deaths, according to local media. Despite recommendations earlier this year, state authorities have yet to procure the vaccine. In Andhra Pradesh state in India’s southeastern coast has reported 6,000 malaria cases.

Colombia - Foot and Mouth

Last Saturday, Colombia's Agricultural and Livestock Institute (ICA) reported the detection of a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in the department (state) of Arauca, the first since 2009. Since the news came, Chile, Peru, and Panama have suspended their meat imports, and Ecuador reported that it would strengthen sanitary controls.

Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity - New Activity for the week of 21 June - 27 June 2017

Bogoslof | Fox Islands (USA) : AVO reported that slightly elevated surface temperatures at Bogoslof were identified in satellite images on 23 June, and steam emissions were occasionally observed the previous week. Beginning at 1649 on 23 June a significant explosive event was detected in seismic and infrasound data that lasted about 10 minutes. It produced an ash plume that rose as high as 11 km (36,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 400-490 km E. The event prompted AVO to raise the Aviation colour Code (ACC) to Red and the Volcano Alert Level (VAL) to Warning. Four additional explosions were detected, during 1918-1924, 2013-2021, 2104-2112, and 2152-2155, though any resulting ash plumes were not detected above the cloud deck at 8.5-9.1 km (28,000-30,000 ft) a.s.l. On 25 June the ACC was lowered to Orange and the VAL was lowered to Watch. At 1645 on 26 June an eruption which lasted about 14 minutes produced an ash plume that rose 7.6 km (25,000 ft) a.s.l. Seismic and lighting data indicated that a significant explosion began at 0317 on 27 June, prompting AVO to raise the ACC to Red and the VAL to Warning. The event lasted 14 minutes, and produced an ash plume that rose 9.1 km (30,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NW. The ACC was lowered to Orange and the VAL was lowered to Watch later that day.

Karymsky | Eastern Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 16-17 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Pavlof | United States : AVO reported that no unusual activity was detected in seismic or infrasound data at Pavlof during 21-26 June. Weakly elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite images during 21-22 June, and a few clear webcam views revealed minor steaming. The Aviation colour Code remained at Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory.

Reventador | Ecuador : IG reported that during the previous months activity at Reventador was characterized by an average of 50 explosions per day and long-period earthquakes indicating fluid movement. Ash plumes from explosions rose as high as 2 km above the crater rim, and small pyroclastic flows descended the flanks in almost all directions. However, at 1701 on 22 June the pattern of activity changed. Seismic signals indicating emissions became continuous, and spasmodic tremor emerged which was composed of numerous small explosions. Concurrent to the change in seismicity, small-to-moderate pyroclastic flows descended 4 km down the NE flank, and plumes with low-to-moderate ash content rose 2.5 km and drifted W. Pyroclastic-flow deposits were also noted in the upper basin of El Reventador river, E of the cone. During 22-23 June incandescent blocks rolled 500 m down the flanks, steam-and-ash plumes rose 2 km, and several pyroclastic flows traveled 900 m NE. Cloud cover sometimes prevented visual observations during 24-27 June though sometimes gas-and-ash plumes were seen rising no higher than 500 m above the crater rim. Incandescent blocks continued to descend the flanks, traveling as far as 650 m. “Cannon shot” sounds were heard at night during 24-25 June. During 26-27 June several episodes of incandescence at the crater were noted, and a lava flow traveled 2 km down the NE flank.

Rincon de la Vieja | Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported that at 1456 on 23 June a phreatic eruption at Rincón de la Vieja ejected sediment onto the upper N flank and generated a plume that rose 1-2 km above the summit. The plume dispersed sediments to the W and NW, near the Von Seebach crater (about 3 km SW of the active crater).

Sheveluch | Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly was identified daily in satellite images over Sheveluch during 16-23 June. Explosions on 17 June generated ash plumes that rose as high as 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 300 km E. Strong explosions the next day produced ash plumes that rose as high as 10 km (32,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 1,500 km ESE. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Ulawun | New Britain (Papua New Guinea) : RVO reported that during 1 May-23 June white plume rose from Ulawun. Seismicity was low (and dominated by small low-frequency earthquakes) although RSAM values slowly increased and then spiked on 13 June. Ash emissions began on 11 June and then became dense during 21-23 June. Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 24-26 June ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.5 Earthquake hits northeastern Iran.

5.5 Earthquake hits east of the Kuril Islands.

5.2 Earthquake hits Catamarca, Argentina.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific: Post-Tropical Cyclone Dora is located about 320 mi...515 km SW of the southern tip of Baja California with maximum sustained winds...35 mph...55 km/h. Present movement...WNW or 290 degrees at 10 mph...17 km/h.

NewsBytes:

China - China's flood control authority said on Tuesday that some central and southern provinces are likely to see large floods this year as downpours swell rivers. There is a possibility of flooding along the Pearl and Huaihe rivers as well as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Provinces including Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi have seen water levels in 175 rivers rise beyond their warning levels with five rivers at record-high levels. Flooding has forced more than 170,000 people to relocate in Hunan Province. In Jiangxi Province, 235,000 hectares of crops have been destroyed. More rainfall is forecast for southern and southwestern parts of the country in the next ten days, with precipitation in some regions likely to reach 300 millimeters within 24 hours.

Global Warming

Scientists find evidence of coral bleaching at iconic Heart Reef

Scientists claim they have found evidence of coral bleaching on one of the Great Barrier Reef's most iconic landmarks, Heart Reef in the Whitsundays. They say it's been caused by an extreme heatwave around the time of Cyclone Debbie.

The devastating storm itself missed the heart-shaped reef but it smashed other significant coral systems nearby. Just 18km away at Baits Reef, entire sections have been decimated. It's been reduced to rubble, with barely any signs of life.

Experts say the reef is resilient and will bounce back, but it does take years and the more cyclones we have, the more vulnerable our global treasure becomes.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Washington, USA

Two wildfires burning in north central Washington have consumed more than 11 square miles (30.3 square kilometers).

The Spartan Fire in Chelan County had burned about seven square miles (18.1 square kilometers) on Tuesday and threatened some 80 homes. The state Department of Natural Resources says the fire is about 10 percent contained by 160 firefighters.

Meanwhile, the state says grasslands fires in Douglas County have burned some 4.6 square miles (11.9 square kilometers) and have no containment.

Occupants of the homes threatened by the Spartan Fire, a few miles southeast of Wenatchee, were told to be ready to evacuate on a moment's notice.

Disease

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) – Saudi Arabia

Between 16 and 23 June 2017, the national IHR Focal Point of Saudi Arabia reported seven additional cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection, including two deaths, and four deaths among previously reported cases.

Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus – China

On 2 June 2017, the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China (NHFPC) notified WHO of nine additional laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in China. On 9 June 2017, the NHFPC notified WHO of 12 additional laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in mainland China.

Lassa Fever – Nigeria

Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic fever illness that is known to be endemic in various West African countries including Nigeria. As of 9 June 2017, a total of 501 suspected cases including 104 deaths have been reported since the onset of the current Lassa fever outbreaks season in December 2016. Of the reported cases, 189 have been further classified, 175 laboratory-confirmed including 59 deaths and 14 probable cases (all dead).

Nigeria: Hepatitis E

Nigerian health officials are reporting outbreaks of hepatitis E and cholera in two different states in the country. Hepatitis E A hepatitis E outbreak has been reported in the north-east Borno State, according to the Nigeria Federal Ministry of Health. As of 17 June 2017, a total of 53 suspected hepatitis E cases were reported.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.8 Earthquake hits south of Fiji.

5.3 Earthquake hits south of Fiji.

5.2 Earthquake hits off the east coast of Kamchatka.

5.1 Earthquake hits Coquimbo, Chile.

5.0 Earthquake hits Timor.

5.0 Earthquake hits Halmahera, Indonesia.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific: Hurricane Dora is located about 255 mi...405 km WSW of Cabo Corrientes Mexico and about 285 mi...460 km S of the southern tip of Baja California with maximum sustained winds...80 mph...130 km/h. Present movement...WNW or 295 degrees at 12 mph...19 km/h.

NewsBytes:

India - The flood situation in Assam worsened on Monday as four new districts were hit by floods taking the total number of flood-hit districts to eight. Over 11,700 people displaced by the floods in 126 villages, Lakhimpur worst-hit district. Heavy rain also flooded Mumbai, delayed trains caused commuter chaos.

Global Warming

Melting Greenland ice now source of 25% of sea level rise

Ocean levels rose 50 percent faster in 2014 than in 1993, with meltwater from the Greenland ice sheet now supplying 25 percent of total sea level increase compared with just 5 percent 20 years earlier, researchers reported Monday.

The findings add to growing concern among scientists that the global watermark is climbing more rapidly than forecast only a few years ago, with potentially devastating consequences.

Hundreds of millions of people around the world live in low-lying deltas that are vulnerable, especially when rising seas are combined with land sinking due to depleted water tables, or a lack of ground-forming silt held back by dams.

Major coastal cities are also threatened, while some small island states are already laying plans for the day their drowning nations will no longer be livable.

Greenland alone contains enough frozen water to lift oceans by about 7 meters (23 feet), though experts disagree on the global warming threshold for irreversible melting, and how long that would take once set in motion.

Overall, the pace of global average sea level rise went up from about 2.2 mm a year in 1993, to 3.3 mm a year two decades later.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Idaho, USA

The U.S. Bureau of Land Management says a lightning storm ignited multiple fires in Southwest Idaho.

The largest fire to spark during the storm Monday night was estimated at nearly 5 square miles and located northwest of Grandview.

The second largest blaze burned about 2.3 square miles Monday night about two miles east of the Mountain Home Air Force Base.

At least a half dozen smaller fires also started around the area.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

6.2 Earthquake hits Fiji.

5.4 Earthquake hits the Hindu Kush, Afghanistan.

5.1 Earthquake hits the Philippines.

5.1 Earthquake hits south of Fiji.

5.0 Earthquake hits Tajikistan.

5.0 Earthquake hits Kyrgyzstan.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific: Hurricane Dora is located about 170 mi...275 km SSW of Manzanillo Mexico and about 255 mi...415 km S of Cabo Corrientes Mexico with maximum sustained winds...80 mph...130 km/h. Present movement...WNW or 295 degrees at 13 mph...20 km/h.

NewsBytes:

India - Flash floods and landslides, triggered by incessant rains, have continued to create havoc in the northeast, claiming several lives and displacing thousands of people besides damaging crops, properties and all means of communication. The water level in many states has reached waist level while power cuts and lack of water supply has further affected daily lives.

Global Warming

Coastal Louisiana Is Sinking Faster Than Expected

The rich wetlands of southern Louisiana are sinking faster than previously thought, new data reveals, worsening a decades-long ecological disaster that authorities are struggling to reverse.

“What previous studies have called the worst case is the case that right now is the average,” said Jaap Nienhuis, a geologist at Tulane University in New Orleans.

Nienhuis and his colleagues at Tulane have found the coast is subsiding on average about 9 mm (1/3 inch) a year. Some areas, such as those near the mouth of the Mississippi and the Atchafalaya River delta to the west, are settling closer to 12 mm a year.

Periodic flooding of the Mississippi River used to dump fresh soil into those marshes, bolstering the wetlands. But the levees that now prevent those floods keep that soil straitjacketed in the river. The area is also home to a major oil and natural gas industry, and canals cut through the marshes allowed salt water to kill grasses that held the land in place.

As a result, coastal Louisiana has been losing a roughly Manhattan-sized chunk every year to a combination of sea-level rise, erosion, and subsidence. That threatens a rich ecosystem that provides more than 1 billion pounds of seafood a year and provides a buffer when hurricanes spin onto shore from the Gulf of Mexico.

Wildlife

Wasted Fish

Fishing fleets dump about 10 percent of the fish they catch back into the ocean in an "enormous waste" of low-value fish despite some progress in limiting discards in recent years, scientists said on Monday.

Almost 10 million tonnes of about 100 million tonnes of fish caught annually in the past decade were thrown back into the sea, according to the "Sea Around Us" review by the University of British Columbia and the University of Western Australia.

Industrial fleets often throw back fish that are damaged, diseased, too small or of an unwanted species. A trawler with a quota only to catch North Atlantic cod, for instance, may throw back hake caught in the same net.

Discards are an "enormous waste ... especially at a time when wild capture fisheries are under global strain amidst growing demands for food security and human nutritional health," they wrote in the journal Fish & Fisheries.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Utah, California, USA

Better weather conditions have limited the growth of a wildfire in Utah that has prompted the evacuation of 1,500 people from hundreds of homes and cabins, officials said Sunday night. In Southern California, a wildfire broke out after a car crashed on a freeway and prompted evacuations of nearby homes in the city of Santa Clarita.

Firefighters on Sunday put in barriers against the flames and air tankers dropped fire retardant in anticipation of winds coming in from the southwest on Monday, officials said. The blaze, which is being battled by about 1,000 firefighters, covers nearly 67 square miles (174 square kilometers) and is 10 percent contained.

The fire in California started Sunday afternoon in Santa Clarita north of Los Angeles, prompting authorities to shut down all lanes of a highway and send crews to fight the blaze that quickly grew to more than 1 square mile (2.6 square kilometers), fed by tinder-dry brush and driven by winds in stifling heat. One structure was destroyed but authorities did not say if it was a home.

Disease

Nigeria: After six months, meningitis outbreak over

The meningococcal meningitis C outbreak in Nigeria that began in mid-December 2016 in Zamfara State has been declared over, according to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) Friday. The Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) responding to the epidemic has stepped down as the outbreak has been in constant decline for eight weeks.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.7 Earthquake hits southern Peru.

5.3 Earthquake hits the Mid-Indian ridge.

5.0 Earthquake hits southeast of Easter Island.

5.0 Earthquake hits the Fox Islands in the Aleutian Islands.

5.0 Earthquake hits eastern Honshu, Japan.

5.0 Earthquake hits the Nias region, Indonesia.

Yellowstone earthquake swarm slowing, but ongoing

Almost 770 earthquakes have been recorded in Yellowstone Park over the past two weeks — more than normal but not a sign of volcanic activity, scientists say. The swarm, which began June 12, is ongoing, though the frequency of earthquakes has slowed down a bit. Typical swarms comprise 10 to 50 quakes. So far, five quakes have measured in the magnitude 3 range and 64 in the magnitude 2 range. The other 699 have been measured at magnitude 1 or less. It seems like the quakes are tectonic in origin, there is no volcanic signature to any of the events.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific: Tropical Storm Dora is located about 165 mi...265 km SSW of Acapulco Mexico and about 370 mi...600 km se of Manzanillo Mexico with maximum sustained winds...40 mph...65 km/h. Present movement...WNW or 300 degrees at 12 mph...19 km/h.

NewsBytes:

Trinidad - Torrential overnight rainfall has flooded some low lying areas of south Trinidad for the second time this week. Major flooding is being reported in the villages near the rivers feeding the Guaracara river which drains an area between Tabaquite and Marabella. There are reports of at least one hundred displaced families living in Williamsville. Some people had to flee their homes during the night as the water came in. Water is also rising in low lying areas of Barrackpore.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.8 Earthquake hits Mozambique.

5.2 Earthquake hits Zambia.

5.2 Earthquake hits the Mid-Indian ridge.

5.1 Earthquake hits the Santa Cruz Islands.

5.0 Earthquake hits south of Fiji.

5.0 Earthquake hits the Kermedec Islands.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are no current tropical storms,

NewsBytes:

China - More than 120 people were buried by a landslide that caused huge rocks and a mass of earth to come crashing into their homes in a mountain village in southwestern China early Saturday. The landslide, which came from a mountain, engulfed a cluster of 62 homes and a hotel in the village of Xinmo in Mao County at about 6 a.m. Officials said one mile of road and a 1.2 mile section of river were buried in the disaster caused by heavy rains.

Michigan, USA - Excessive rainfall overnight has flooded a swath across central Lower Michigan. The heaviest rain fell in an area from Mount Pleasant to Midland to the Bay City area where over 7 inches of rain were recorded.

Global Warming

Rising Temperature and Acidity Threaten Mediterranean

The temperature and acidity in the Mediterranean Sea are rising, and researchers are worried it will lead to extinction of native species.

Villefranche-sur-Mer oceanographic laboratory in the south of France released a study that said the ocean’s acidity has been rising on average of 7 percent a year between 2007 and 2015 and the water temperature rose 0.7 percent over the same period.

These rates are higher than any ocean in the world, researchers said.

National Scientific Research Centre (CNRS) director of research, Jean-Pierre Gattuso said the change in temperatures and acidity has already changed the ecology of the ocean.

“There are species that come from the southern coasts of the Mediterranean, so we end up seeing a Mediterranean that is becoming almost subtropical,” he said.

And he’s worried that native species are going to die out, like the posidonia, a seagrass native to the Mediterranean that provides oxygen to fish.

Other species that could face extinction in the ocean are oysters, small molluscs, coral, and mussels.

Environment

The Gulf of Mexico’s ‘Dead Zone’

The oxygen-poor “dead zone” in the Gulf of Mexico may be the biggest on record this year, nearly doubling in size to cover an area of ocean as large as Vermont, scientists at Louisiana State University estimate.

The dead zone develops when nitrogen-rich runoff from the Midwestern farm belt pours into rivers and out into the Gulf. That runoff is loaded with fertilizer, as well as nutrients from animal and human waste, and it fuels the growth of algae that die, sink, and decompose, depleting oxygen levels offshore. That drives away marine life in the zone — or kills species that can’t escape.

Wildlife

Arctic Migrants

An Inuvialuit hunter high in the Canadian Arctic came across the first beaver anyone in the region has ever killed — another sign climate change is driving the species northward.

“We saw something walk toward us and it was a beaver. So I drove up to it and I shot it,” said Richard Gruben, vice president of the Tuktoyaktuk Hunters and Trappers Association.

The invading beavers pose a significant threat to the Arctic ecosystem because of the way they reshape the landscape with dams. Gruben says some lakes have already dried up because of beaver dams.

Serengeti Invasion

Non-native plants that have been brought in by visitors or planted for decoration around tourist lodges threaten to spread across East Africa’s Serengeti-Mara landscape, where they could disrupt the annual migration of 2 million grazing animals.

A survey by an international team of researchers reveals that the invasive plants are now on the edges of the vast savannas, home to Africa’s famed wildebeest, zebra and gazelle populations.

The researchers say that if the plants were to spread and displace native vegetation, it would mean less forage for the wildlife.

Disease

Yemen: Cholera epidemic

After reporting more than 7,000 additional cholera cases in the past day, health officials report the case tally in the Yemen epidemic has reached 200,420 suspected cholera cases, including 1,310 deaths since Apr. 27.

First Chikungunya-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitos found in Brazil

While more than 13,000 cases of Chikungunya viral disease were reported in Brazil in 2015, scientists had never before detected the virus in a captured mosquito in this country. Now, researchers have identified a mosquito–caught in the Brazilian city of Aracaju–that’s naturally infected with the East-Central-South-African (ECSA) genotype of Chikungunya.

Chikungunya, which often causes a fever and joint pain, is endemic in Africa and Asia and was first reported to be transmitted within Brazil in 2014.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.2 Earthquake hits southern Sumatra, Indonesia.

5.1 Earthquake hits the Izu Islands off Japan.

5.1 Earthquake hits Araucania, Chile.

5.0 Earthquake hits the Kuril Islands.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

Tropical storm Cindy has weakened to become a tropical low pressure system as it moved inland. Some heavy falls of rain can however, still be expected over Louisiana, USA.

NewsBytes:

Guatemala - A landslide in the Central American nation has killed at least 12 people, with authorities fearing the death toll will rise. The mudslide on Tuesday took out a minibus carrying ten people to work in San Pedro Soloma, killing everybody on board.

Wildlife

Yellowstone Grizzlies Lose Endangered Status

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service removed grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem from the Endangered Species List yesterday.

About 700 bears currently inhabit the GYE — up from 136 individuals in 1975 — and their range covers 2,500 square miles (6,475 square kilometers). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) found the population to be stable and sustainable, determining that the bears had reached a recovery point that no longer required federal protections, representing "one of America's great conservation success stories.

Snake fungal disease identified in wild British snakes

Europe’s wild snakes could face a growing threat from a fungal skin disease that has contributed to wild snake deaths in North America, according to an international collaborative study.

Caused by the fungus Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, snake fungal disease (SFD) can lead to symptoms including skin lesions, scabs and crusty scales, which can contribute to the death of the infected animal in some cases. SFD was first recognised in wild snakes in eastern North America around a decade ago. Prior to this study, the only wild populations found to be affected had been those in the central and eastern United States.

Nature - Images

Interesting Images

A photographer experienced a magical moment near Swansea, Wales, this weekend as the sea glowed and glimmered an otherworldly blue. The glow that lit Three Cliffs Bay near Swansea that night came from tiny plankton that emit their own light. Many species of plankton glow, and blue is the most common color for their self-made light; blue is the wavelength of light that travels the farthest through water.

Environment

Global Temperature Extremes

The week's hottest temperature was 127.0 degrees Fahrenheit (52.8 degrees Celsius) in Death Valley, California.

The week's coldest temperature was minus 106.0 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 76.7 degrees Celsius) at Vostok, Antarctica.

Temperatures were tabulated from the more than 10,000 worldwide synoptic weather stations. The United Nations World Meteorological Organization sets the standards for weather observations, and provides a global telecommunications circuit for data distribution.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Utah, USA

A wildfire near a southern Utah ski town that has forced hundreds of people to evacuate has doubled in size in high winds and drove out residents of 400 additional homes, authorities said Thursday. New evacuations were ordered east of the fire's epicenter in the tiny mountain town of Brian Head. The fire has spread to 17 square miles (44 square kilometers).

The blaze is one of several burning in the U.S. West as extreme heat makes it difficult for firefighters to tamp down the flames.

Disease

Bird Flu in South Africa

A single outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza of the H5N8 type has been isolated on a farm near Villiers.

According to the South African Poultry Association, this strain of the virus has its origins in Europe and has been infecting European poultry for more than a year.

In May, it was isolated in Zimbabwe. The disease is spread primarily by water fowl that carry the disease in the highly pathogenic form, the association said.

The affected farm is near the Vaal River and it is likely that the disease is present in other parts of South Africa in wild water birds, especially ducks.

The public is requested to report any sightings of high levels of large wild bird or backyard chicken mortalities, the association urged.

The farm has been isolated and culling of the birds on the affected site has commenced. Some 28 000 birds are to be culled.

Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity - Ongoing Activity for the week of 14 June - 20 June 2017

Aira | Kyushu (Japan) : JMA reported that an event at Showa Crater (at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) at 1208 on 15 June generated an ash plume that rose 2.8 km above the crater rim. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale).

Bagana | Bougainville (Papua New Guinea) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery and model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 14 June an ash plume from Bagana drifted W at an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. No ash was identified in inages later that day.

Bezymianny | Central Kamchatka (Russia) : On 15 June KVERT reported that the temperature of a thermal anomaly identified in satellite images had increased, and that the webcam recorded a gas-and-steam plume rising above Bezymianny to 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SSE. Hot avalanches of material originated from the lava dome. An explosive event began at 1653 on 16 June, producing an ash cloud 28 x 25 km in size that drifted NE. The Aviation colour Code was raised to Red (the highest level on a four-colour scale), but lowered back down to Orange about 5 hours later. At 2110 the ash cloud was 212 x 115 km in size and drifting E; the leading edge of the cloud was about 245 km E.

Cleveland | Chuginadak Island (USA) : AVO reported that no unusual activity at Cleveland had been detected in seismic or infrasound data during 14-20 June. Minor steaming from the summit was recorded by a webcam during 17-18 June, and slightly elevated surface temperatures were identified in a satellite image acquired on 19 and 20 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.

Dukono | Halmahera (Indonesia) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery, wind model data, and notices from PVMBG, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 14-20 June ash plumes from Dukono rose to altitudes of 1.5-3 km (5,000-10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted in multiple directions.

Ebeko | Paramushir Island (Russia) : Based on observations by residents of Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island) about 7 km E of Ebeko, KVERT reported that explosive activity continued at the volcano during 9-16 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Fuego | Guatemala : INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-14 June explosions at Fuego generated shock waves detected within 10 km, and block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (SW), and Trinidad (S) ravines. On 18 June heavy rain triggered a 20-m-wide, 1.5-m-deep lahar that traveled down the El Jute (SE) ravine, carrying tree trunks and blocks as large a 2 m in diameter. Explosions during 18-20 June produced ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater and drifted 8-12 km S, SW, and W. Ashfall was noted in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW). Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material that traveled into the Ceniza, Taniluyá, Trinidad, and Santa Teresa drainages.

Ibu | Halmahera (Indonesia) : Based on PVMBG observations, satellite images, and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 14 and 17-19 June ash plumes from Ibu rose 1.5-1.8 km (5,000-6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S, SW, W, and N.

Kilauea | Hawaiian Islands (USA) : During 14-20 June HVO reported that the lava lake continued to rise, fall, and spatter in Kilauea’s Overlook crater. Webcams recorded incandescence from long-active sources within Pu'u 'O'o Crater, from a vent high on the NE flank of the cone, and from a small lava pond (which had many small spattering sites along the margin) in a pit on the W side of the crater. The 61G lava flow, originating from a vent on Pu'u 'O'o Crater's E flank, continued to enter the ocean at Kamokuna. Field observations on 31 May revealed that the lava delta had grown to an area of approximately 0.01 square kilometers. A solidified lava ramp extended from the tube exit high on the sea cliff down to the delta, whose leading edge was about 100 m from the tube exit on the sea cliff. Lava flows from the upper portion of the flow field continued to advance downslope, producing surface flows above and on the pali.

Klyuchevskoy | Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that during 9-16 June explosions at Klyuchevskoy generated ash plumes that rose to 6-7 km (19,700-23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted about 580 km SE and SW. A weak thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images during 11-16 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Langila | New Britain (Papua New Guinea) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 14 June ash plumes from Langila rose 1.8 km (6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted WNW. On 20 June an ash plume drifted NW at an altitude of 2.1 (7,000 ft) a.s.l.

Poas | Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported that during 13-15 June gas emissions from Poás rose no higher than 500 m above the crater rim and drifted N. During breaks in weather, observers near the crater on 16 June noted ash emissions rising less than 1 km above the crater rim and drifting N. Ash emissions from events at 1340 on 18 June, and 1100 and 1350 on 20 June, rose less than 1 km.

Sabancaya | Peru : Observatorio Vulcanológico del Sur del IGP (OVS-IGP) and Observatorio Vulcanológico del INGEMMET (OVI) reported that explosive activity at Sabancaya slightly decreased from the previous week; there was an average of 26 explosions recorded per day during 12-18 June. Gas-and-ash plumes rose as high as 3.7 km above the crater rim and drifted more than 40 km SW. The MIROVA system detected nine thermal anomalies, spread over the SE, N, and NW flanks. Sulfur dioxide flux was as high as 3,557 tons per day on 14 June.

Sinabung | Indonesia : Based on PVMBG observations, satellite images, and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 14-17 and 19 June ash plumes from Sinabung rose 3-6.4 km (10,000-21,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted in multiple directions.

Turrialba | Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported that during 14-15 June gas emissions at Turrialba sometimes contained ash and rose no higher than 300 m above the crater. Events at 0620 and 1405 on 16 June generated ash plumes that rose 500 m and drifted NW, and 200 m and drifted S, respectively. Passive ash emissions during 19-20 June rose as high as 1 km and drifted in multiple directions.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

6.7 Earthquake hits offshore Guatemala.

5.6 Earthquake hits the Kuril Islands.

5.3 Earthquake hits the Solomon Islands.

5.2 Earthquake hits Salta, Argentina.

5.1 Earthquake hits Iceland.

5.0 Earthquake hits the Rat islands in the Aleutian Islands.

5.0 Earthquake hits south of the Mariana Islands.

5.0 Earthquake hits near the coast of western turkey.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Atlantic Ocean: Tropical Storm Cindy is located about 40 mi...65 km NW of Lake Charles Louisiana with maximum sustained winds...40 mph...65 km/h. Present movement...N or 360 degrees at 12 mph...19 km/h.

Tropical storm Cindy moved inland near the Louisiana-Texas border on Thursday morning, bringing heavy rainfall and life-threatening conditions over the northern Gulf Coast, the U.S. National Hurricane Center said. The storm's first fatality was reported on Wednesday, when a 10-year-old boy was struck by a log that a large wave dislodged as he stood near the shore in Fort Morgan, Alabama.

Disease

Dengue Outbreak in Palau; Mumps in the Marshall Islands

Both outbreaks have an international aspect. Mumps in the Marshalls may be connected to an outbreak of the viral disease last year, in Arkansas. Half of the cases there were in the large Marshallese community…and, while precautions were taken, it’s possible that the virus travelled with Marshallese back home to the Pacific.

At least a thousand cases have been confirmed since an outbreak began in March. The Ministry of Health notes that the number of cases has been dropping in recent weeks, but Radio New Zealand reports concern that the drop could be due to under reporting and that the real number could be as high as three thousand.

Three people are reported dead among 200 infected by Dengue fever in Palau.

Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity - New Activity for the week of 14 June - 20 June 2017

Bogoslof | Fox Islands (USA) : AVO reported that elevated surface temperatures and a small steam emission at Bogoslof were identified in satellite images during 13-14 June. Weakly elevated surface temperatures were detected on 16 June, and a 13-km-long steam plume was visible on 18 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.

Karymsky | Eastern Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 10-12 and 14-15 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Pavlof | United States : AVO reported that seismicity at Pavlof had declined since the small increase on 7 June, and no unusual activity was observed in seismic or infrasound data through 20 June. Minor steam emissions occasionally rose from the summit crater. Satellite images showed an approximately 55 km-long steam plume drifting W on 14 June, and a thermal anomaly during 15-16 and 20 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory.

Rincon de la Vieja | Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported that on 15 June a diffuse plume of mainly water vapor rose 50 m above Rincón de la Vieja's crater rim. A small hydrothermal explosion from the crater with the highly acidic lake was detected around noon on 18 June. In a report posted the next day OVSICORI-UNA noted that seismicity was characterized by low-frequency events, volcano-tectonic events, and tremor with intensifying amplitude; the seismic patterns were similar to those that preceded the phreatomagmatic events on 23 May and 11 June, though the recent seismicity was not as energetic.

Sheveluch | Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that during 10-13 June explosions at Sheveluch produced ash plumes that rose as high as 8 km (26,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 1,500 km SE and NW. At 0425 on 15 June powerful explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 12 km (39,400 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation colour Code was raised to Red (the highest level on a four-colour scale), and then back down to Orange at the end of the day. Ash plumes drifted 1,000 km NE and SW during 15-16 June. Ash fell in Klyuchi (50 km SW), Maiskoe, Kozyrevsk (115 km SW), and Atlasovo (160 km SW).

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.4 Earthquake hits the South Sandwich Islands.

5.1 Earthquake hits southern Sumatra, Indonesia.

5.1 Earthquake hits the South Sandwich Islands.

5.0 Earthquake hits the Banda Sea.

5.0 Earthquake hits Halmahera, Indonesia.

5.0 Earthquake hits Kyushu, Japan.

5.0 Earthquake hits the Bougainville region, Papua New Guinea.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Atlantic Ocean: Tropical Storm Cindy is located about 170 mi...275 km SSW of Morgan City Louisiana and about 225 mi...360 km se of Galveston Texas with maximum sustained winds...60 mph...95 km/h. Present movement...NW or 310 degrees at 8 mph...13 km/h.

The remnants of Tropical Storm Bret dissipated at 5pm AST on June 20, 2017.

NewsBytes:

India - Heavy monsoon rain disrupted life in Tripura as over 2,000 families were displaced after their houses were inundated by the flood water, official said here on Tuesday. The heavy monsoon rainflooded the low-lying areas, roads, inhabited areas in five sub-divisions of two districts of Tripura since Sunday night.

India - Security personnel rescued over 200 persons who were marooned in parts of west Kemeng district of Arunachal Pradesh on Tuesday. They had been cut off in the mountain highways following incessant rains and landslides. One girl was killed and three persons wounded in a landslide near the State capital Itanagar. There has been a slight improvement in the flood situation in the five districts of Assam. However, displaced villagers staying in relief camps are yet to return home. The flood situation in Manipur and Mizoram has improved considerably, though the sky is still overcast. Twelve persons lost their lives in Mizoram and over 800 houses were destroyed. Meanwhile, in West Bengal, heavy rainfall and lightning have claimed at least nine lives.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Arizona, USA

Arizona firefighters are currently battling nine large wildfire across the state, with 45,000 acres burned. Numerous smaller wildfires are being reported daily, which leaves Arizona with more wildfires than any other state.

More than 1,000 firefighters have battled the Highline Fire just north of Payson since its discovery June 10. As of June 18, the fire was considered 76 percent contained. After threatening homes, which led to evacuations, firefighters were able to stop the fire’s movement to the south, east and west sides June 19, according to reports. The cause of the fire is unknown at this time.

A wildfire north of Phoenix near the Sunset Point rest area closed the southbound lanes of I-17 for several hours June 18. The blaze, called the Maggie Mine Fire began burning around 3 p.m. in the remote, mountainous area. Air tankers, helicopters and firefighters battled the wildfire which has grown to 1,400 acres.

Disease

Syria polio update

According to the latest information from UN authorities dated June 19, seventeen cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type-2 (cVDPV2) have now been confirmed in Syria — 16 cases are from Mayadeen district, Deir Ez-Zor governorate, and 1 case from Raqqa district, Raqqa governorate.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.0 Earthquake hits the Carlsberg ridge.

Yellowstone

Yellowstone supervolcano has been hit by a series of earthquakes, with more 400 recorded since June 12. The latest was recorded on Monday, June 19, with a magnitude 3 earthquake striking 8.6 miles north northeast of West Yellowstone, Montana.

The swarm began last week, and on June 15 saw a magnitude 4.5 earthquake take place in Yellowstone National Park.

As of June 19, 464 events had been recorded. Most of these ranged in the magnitude of 0 to 1, with five less than zero, indicating they occurred at depths ranging from about 0 miles to about 9 miles. "This is the highest number of earthquakes at Yellowstone within a single week in the past five years, but is fewer than weekly counts during similar earthquakes swarms in 2002, 2004, 2008 and 2010," scientists said.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Atlantic Ocean: Potential Tropical Cyclone Three is located about 265 mi...430 km SSW of the mouth of the Mississippi River and about 300 mi...485 km S of Morgan City Louisiana with maximum sustained winds...40 mph...65 km/h. Present movement...NW or 315 degrees at 9 mph...15 km/h.

Tropical Storm Bret is located about 20 mi...35 km ENE of Isla Margarita with maximum sustained winds...45 mph...75 km/h. Present movement...WNW or 290 degrees at 21 mph...33 km/h.

NewsBytes:

Myanmar - Overflowing water from the Uru River submerged low-lying areas in Phakant yesterday morning, but the flood started to recede by the afternoon. Five inches of rain fell on Saturday, causing the river to overflow its banks. The flood submerged three low-lying wards and Lonkhin village. Myoma ward, Kyaukwine was under 5 feet of water, Ngetpyawdaw ward was under about 6 feet of water, Mashi South ward road junction was under 3 feet of water, and a road linking Ayemyatha ward and Sankye village was under 6 feet of water.

Disease

Romania - Meningitis

A suspected meningitis outbreak in Braşov, Romania has resulted in 18 hospital admissions and one death. The patients, classmates with a 17-year-old student from Tarlungeni commune who died recently after being diagnosed with bacterial meningitis, have symptoms resembling meningitis.

Global Warming

Climate imperils Ethiopia's coffee

Climate change could wipe out more than half of Ethiopia's coffee production unless farmers move to higher ground, scientists warned Monday.

Climbing temperatures and dwindling rainfall have already degraded prime growing areas, such as the Zege Peninsula, they reported in the journal Nature Plants.

If global warming continues unabated, up to 60 percent of land currently used to grow coffee beans will be unsuitable for production by the last three decades of the century.

Home of the prized Coffea arabica plant, Ethiopia is the world's fifth biggest producer of beans, after Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia and Indonesia, according to the International Coffee Organization.

Over the last 50 years, however, average temperatures across the country have risen by about 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit), and rainfall in key regions has become spotty. Coffee areas that once flourished are in decline.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.7 Earthquake hits Fiji.

5.3 Earthquake hits the Kermedec Islands.

5.1 Earthquake hits the Flores Sea.

5.1 Earthquake hits the Ceram Sea, Indonesia.

5.0 Earthquake hits New Britain, Papua New Guinea.

Earthquake and Tsunami in Greenland

A tidal wave struck a settlement on the northwest coast of Greenland late on Saturday. As a result of an earthquake measuring 4.1 on the Richter Scale, a tsunami-like wave and flooding struck a remote hamlet about 30 km from the village of Nuugaatsiaq in Greenland two days ago. The authorities are now busy evacuating the inhabitants, and so far 39 out of the village’s estimated 100 residents have been taken to Uummanaq. Reports indicate there have been a number of people killed, but so far the police have not released any casualty figures.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Portugal - Update

More than 1 000 firefighters were still battling Monday a giant forest fire that swept through central Portugal at the weekend, killing at least 62 people.

Portugal's national route 236 was transformed into a road of hell as the ferocious blaze ripped through the wooded countryside around the epicentre in Pedrogao Grande.

Although the searing temperatures in Portutal had dropped slightly on Monday, the fire was still raging, spreading to neighbouring regions of Castelo Branco and Coimbra.

Firefighters were continuing a grim search for bodies, with Costa warning on Sunday that the death toll could still rise.

Disease

Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus – China

The China National Health and Family Planning Commission reported an additional five human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9), including one death during the week of Jun. 9 through 15.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.4 Earthquake hits south of Fiji.

5.3 Earthquake hits near the coast of Nicaragua.

5.0 Earthquake hits Vanuatu.

5.0 Earthquake hits Antofagasta, Chile.

5.0 Earthquake hits near the coast of western Turkey.

5.0 Earthquake hits Sulawesi, Indonesia.

5.0 Earthquake hits New Ireland, Papua New Guinea.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are no current tropical storms.

NewsBytes:

Malaysia - Hundreds of vehicles were left stranded at Batu 16 near Kampung Kundang here as roads were cut off following a flash flood this afternoon. Hundred of families are believed to have affected by the floods.

Toronto, Canada - Tornado and severe thunderstorm warnings came and went in Toronto and York Region June 17, bringing heavy rain and strong winds in some areas, and stormy weather continues to threaten York. Severe thunderstorms producing localized flooding and several brief power outages during the day.

India - Massive landslides and floods triggered by incessant rains continue leaving thousands homeless in the North East and taking the death toll to 20. On Saturday six people were killed, one missing and at least nine injured after incessant rains triggered landslides across Meghalaya, an official said.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Portugal

A raging wildfire killed 57 people and injured dozens more in Portugal, with some victims burned to death in their cars as they tried to flee.

At least 59 people were injured in the blaze Saturday, including four firefighters and a child. Some were hospitalized in serious condition Sunday. Some victims got stuck in their cars and on the side of the road in what officials described as the "greatest wildfire tragedy of recent years." The blaze spread Saturday onto Pedrogao Grande town, forcing residents to try and leave the town to escape towering flames.

Firefighters were still fighting the flames Sunday.

Wildfires - California, USA

An explosive wildfire Saturday quickly blackened more than 1,000 acres and destroyed two outbuildings at Castaic Lake, where firefighters toiled in hot and dry weather to prevent the flames from advancing. Access to fight the fire was limited, but fixed wing aircrafts and boats were brought in to fight the flames. Helicopters syphoned water from the lake to make drops on the flames.

Disease

Yemen - Cholera death toll tops 1000

Since 27 April 2017, more than 151,400 suspected cholera cases and 1,054 associated deaths have been reported in 20 of the 23 governorates in Yemen, according to the World Health Organization country office in Yemen today.

New York City - Legionnaires Disease

The New York City (NYC) Health Department is investigating a cluster of seven cases of Legionnaires’ disease among persons who reside in the Lenox Hill area of Manhattan in the last 11 days. All persons were hospitalized, and there has been one death.

Ukraine - Botulism

The number of botulism cases reported in Ukraine during the past three months has risen to 62, according to the Deputy Minister of Health of Ukraine on European integration Oksana Sivak. Of this total, nine have died. Dried fish, both home prepared and commercially prepared has been linked to most of the botulism cases.

Italy - Measles

Through June 11, Italy has reported 2,988 confirmed measles cases in 2017. Of that number, 89 percent of those infected were unvaccinated.

About a month after the Italian government made childhood vaccines compulsory for the country’s schools, some regions in the country’s north are challenging the decree. The regional government in Veneto said on Tuesday that its lawyers were preparing to challenge the decree in Italy’s Constitutional Court, and that the legal challenge would be ready in around two weeks.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.3 Earthquake hits the Andreanof Islands in the Aleutian Islands.

5.1 Earthquake hits the Pacific-Antarctic ridge.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are no current tropical storms.

NewsBytes:

Pennsylvania, USA - For the third day in a row, flash floods caused by severe storms hit the Pittsburgh area Friday.

Global Warming

Wetter Tropics

NASA says Earth’s tropical climates are likely to experience more rainfall than predicted as the planet continues to warm, even as the region’s high clouds thin out in the decades ahead.

In a counterintuitive process of heating and cooling, less high cloudiness means the air above the tropical surface would actually cool without those clouds capping in the heat below.

Researchers say this would alter Earth’s “energy budget” and create more tropical rainfall. Most climate models have failed to factor in this process, thus underestimating future tropical rainfall.

Wildlife

Late Nesting Habits

Birds and bumblebees that nest later in the year are under threat and declining in population because of habitat losses.

Researchers from the University of Exeter discovered that species that nest in April or May rather than in February or March are disappearing more rapidly. A loss of wild shrubs and trees that line fields and roads, along with disappearing meadows in many countries, are factors in the declining populations.

“Fighting over nest sites may be part of the reason — when nest sites are hard to come by, the species that will suffer most are those that nest later in the year,” said researcher Andrew Higginson.

Disease

Measles in the Ukraine

Ukraine has reported an increase in measles cases in 2017, according to the Public Health Center (PHC) of Ukraine Thursday (computer translated). The current case count stands at 735, and the vaccination rates are very poor, according to health officials. In 2016, only 45 percent of children in Ukraine were vaccinated against measles.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.8 Earthquake hits the southern east Pacific rise.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are no current tropical storms.

NewsBytes:

Pennsylvania, USA - A severe thunderstorm hammered western Pennsylvania Thursday evening, bringing with it flash flooding that shut down low-lying roads throughout the area. Severe thunderstorms walloped the Pittsburgh area Thursday afternoon and evening. The storms downed wires and trees and flooded roads across Allegheny County when it hit just after 4 p.m., according to initial reports.

India - Several northeastern states are taking stock of the situation following incessant rains over the last three days, which have triggered flash floods and landslides. The swollen Khawthlangtuipui river has submerged over 350 houses in Tlabung sub-division in Lunglei where eight persons died after flash floods caused by heavy rainfall wrecked havoc yesterday. Officials estimated that over 2,000 families were affected by the floods. The whole of south Mizoram - Serchhip, Lunglei, Lawngtlai and Siaha districts and eastern Champhai district bordering Myanmar remained cut off from the rest of the country for the third day today due landslides at many places. Around 10 buildings have submerged in the swelling waters of the Tlawng river. In Assam, the districts of Lakhimpur, Darrang and Hailakandi have been hit by floods affecting nearly 14,000 people in 39 villages there.

Environment

Iceberg Siege

An unusually dense flow of melting ice from the Arctic trapped several boats off Newfoundland during the first half of June, bringing the Maritime Province’s fishing season to a halt.

The Canadian Coast Guard says the ice has been so bad that its icebreaker Amundsen has been unable to free the trapped vessels.

The Coast Guard has instead been forced to rescue several crew members aboard the trapped ships by helicopter.

The snow crab season has been open for weeks, but most fishermen have been stuck ashore waiting for hazardous sea ice to pass.

Global Warming

Climate Change Pushing Tropical Diseases Toward Arctic

Temperature changes around the globe are pushing human pathogens of all kinds into unexpected new areas, raising many new risks for people.

Among the most well-documented of these new threats is the spread of ocean-traveling Vibrio bacteria that can sicken or kill unsuspecting swimmers or shellfish eaters, even though these bacteria need warm water to survive.

Before 2004, for example, Alaskan waters were thought to be too cold to support enough Vibrio to cause disease. But around July 4 that year, aboard a small cruise ship, several dozen passengers got sick after eating oysters from the Gulf of Alaska—more than 1,000 kilometers further north than the previous northernmost Vibrio incident. The waters that summer around the oyster beds were 2 degrees warmer than they'd ever been.

Already in Europe, for example, the ticks that carry Lyme disease, once largely limited to the south, are finding new hosts as far north as Sweden. Some winters aren't cold enough to kill the young nymphs, which also allows them to stick around another season. A similar issue has struck a region near Russia's Ural Mountains, which has seen a 23-fold increase in tick-borne encephalitis in 20 years. Temperature changes have lengthened the tick season by half (the same problem is hammering moose). Meanwhile, the sandflies that host parasites that cause leishmaniasis, some varieties of which cause skin lesions or spleen and liver damage, are showing up in north Texas.

Evidence suggests, for example, that moisture changes could alter the spread of the soil-borne fungi that give rise to the American Southwest's flu-like valley fever. Infections that aerosolize, like tuberculosis, can linger longer and perhaps be transported easier in regions of the world projected to become more humid. New research suggests the spread of blood-sucking kissing bugs that contain parasites that carry Chagas Disease may well help that affliction spread into North America. Already millions of people worldwide, mostly in South America, suffer from chronic Chagas, which can lead to life-threatening heart damage and stroke.

Environment

Global Temperature Extremes

The week's hottest temperature was 121.0 degrees Fahrenheit (49.4 degrees Celsius) in Al Qaysumah, Saudi Arabia.

The week's coldest temperature was minus 107.0 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 77.2 degrees Celsius) at Vostok, Antarctica.

Temperatures were tabulated from the more than 10,000 worldwide synoptic weather stations. The United Nations World Meteorological Organization sets the standards for weather observations, and provides a global telecommunications circuit for data distribution.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Siberia

Wildfires in Russia’s Far East and Siberia swelled by 3,600 ha to 16,700 ha over the past 24 hours, the Russian Aerial Forest Protection Service reported on Friday.

"The major increase occurred in the Magadan Region - in one day the wildfire area grew 43-fold from 40 ha to 1,700 ha. In the Amur Region the wildfires grew from 1,700 to almost 2,000 ha, and in the Irkutsk Region - from 4,000 to 5,200 ha," the service said.

Wildfires - New Mexico, USA

Eleven wildfires are burning in New Mexico as of Thursday. The state Department of Health issued a smoke advisory for northern parts of the state.

Air Pollution From Wildfires Much Worse Than Previous Estimates

Particle pollution from wildfires, long known for containing soot and other fine particles known to be dangerous to human health, is much worse than previously thought, a new study shows.

Naturally burning timber and brush from wildfires release dangerous particles into the air at a rate three times as high as levels known by the EPA, researchers at Georgia Tech found.

Scientists sampled air quality by flying planes directly into thick plumes from three major wildfires, including the 2013 Rim Fire, the largest wildfire in the Sierra Nevada. Previous EPA data was based on plume samples from controlled burns. Greg Huey is the study’s lead author.

“Under the conditions of the prescribed fires, it seems like you can get a smaller impact on air quality, So I think an extrapolation is that if you had more prescribed burning you might prevent some wildfires and in the process of doing that you would also probably help air quality issues,” Huey says.

The study also found wildfires spew methanol, benzene, ozone and other noxious chemicals.

Disease

Dengue fever outbreak: Sri Lanka update

The outbreak of dengue fever in Sri Lanka is spreading at epidemic levels with the latest case count at 63,987, including 177 deaths as of today.

Iraq: Foodborne illness outbreak

UN and Iraqi health officials are investigating a suspected foodborne illness outbreak at the Hassan Sham U2 camp, near Erbil. The outbreak has sickened some 825 mainly internally displaced people from west Mosul as of June 12.

A third of all the cases were children and two thirds were female and the majority of the cases predominately presented with vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, consistent with foodborne illness.

Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity - Ongoing Activity for the week of 7 June - 13 June 2017

Aira | Kyushu (Japan) : JMA reported four events at Showa Crater (at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 5-12 June, one of which was explosive. Material was ejected 800 m away the crater rim. Ash plumes rose as high as 3.2 km on 6 June and 1.9 km on 10 June. A very small event occurred at Minamidake summit crater on 5 June. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale).

Asamayama | Honshu (Japan) : JMA stated that activity at Asama had been progressively increasing. During 2-5 June a plume rose less than 400 m above the active crater. Weak incandescence from the summit crater was recorded at night with a webcam. Sulfur dioxide flux was a little higher than 900 tons per day when measured on 2 June. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-5).

Bagana | Bougainville (Papua New Guinea) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery and model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 7-8 and 14 June ash plumes from Bagana rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 65 km SW, W, and NW.

Cleveland | Chuginadak Island (USA) : AVO reported that on 6 June small low-frequency earthquakes at Cleveland were recorded by the seismic network. Elevated surface temperatures identified in satellite images during 6-7 June were consistent with lava effusion at the summit crater. No volcanic activity was detected in seismic, infrasound, or cloudy satellite images during 8-13 June, though AVO noted that lava effusion may have been occurring. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images during 12-13 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.

Dukono | Halmahera (Indonesia) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery, wind model data, and notices from PVMBG, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 7-14 June ash plumes from Dukono rose to altitudes of 1.8-2.1 km (6,000-7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted in multiple directions. Ash plumes drifted as far as 140 km E on 7 June.

Ebeko | Paramushir Island (Russia) : Based on observations by residents of Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island) about 7 km E of Ebeko, KVERT reported that explosive activity continued at the volcano during 2-9 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Fuego | Guatemala : INSIVUMEH reported that during 8-9 June explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 15 km W, NW, and N. Rumbling was noted, and block avalanches descended multiple ravines. Lahars traveled down several ravines on the SE, S, and SW flanks, especially down the Pantaleón (W) ravine. On 10 June at 1150 a lahar descended the Ceniza (SSW) drainage, carrying blocks 1 m in diameter. The lahar was 15-18 m wide and as deep as 3 m. During 10-11 June explosions produced ash plumes that rose 750-1,050 m and drifted 12-15 km W, NW, and N. Shock waves from some of the explosions were detected. Two hot lahars descended the flanks on 13 June. The first one traveled down the Pantaleón river and was 35 m wide and 2.5-3 m deep, and carried trees and blocks 2-3 m in diameter. The second lahar descended the Ceniza and was 25 m wide and 3 m deep, and carried blocks up to 2 m in diameter.

Ibu | Halmahera (Indonesia) : Based on PVMBG observations, webcam and satellite images, and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 9-12 and 14 June ash plumes from Ibu rose 1.5-1.8 km (4,800-6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N, W, and SSW.

Kilauea | Hawaiian Islands (USA) : During 7-13 June HVO reported that the lava lake continued to rise, fall, and spatter in Kilauea’s Overlook crater. Webcams recorded incandescence from long-active sources within Pu'u 'O'o Crater, from a vent high on the NE flank of the cone, and from a small lava pond (which had many small spattering sites along the margin) in a pit on the W side of the crater. The 61G lava flow, originating from a vent on Pu'u 'O'o Crater's E flank, continued to enter the ocean at Kamokuna. Field observations on 31 May revealed that the lava delta had grown to an area of approximately 0.01 square kilometers. A solidified lava ramp extended from the tube exit high on the sea cliff down to the delta, whose leading edge was about 100 m from the tube exit on the sea cliff.

Klyuchevskoy | Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that during 2-9 June explosions at Klyuchevskoy generated ash plumes that rose to 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted about 325 km NE, SE, and SW. A weak thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images on 4 and 8 June. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Langila | New Britain (Papua New Guinea) : Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 7 June ash plumes from Langila rose 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted over 45 km NW. On 14 June ash plumes rose 1.8 km (6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted WNW.

Poas | Costa Rica :OVSICORI-UNA reported that during 7-13 June seismicity at Poás was characterized by low-amplitude tremor, discrete volcano-tectonic events, low-frequency events, and some periods of small long-period events with low amplitude. During 7-8 June the webcam recorded strong emissions of water vapor, magmatic gases, and particulates. A sulfur odor was reported in Alajuela, San Ramon, and Barva, and incandescence in the area of the crater was recorded at night. OVSICORI-UNA noted that during 8-9 June a plume of water vapor, magmatic gases, and particulates rose from two vents; the lake had evaporated and exposed the vents. A minor sulfur odor was reported on the campus of the Universidad Nacional in Heredia. Events at 1610 and 1750 on 11 June generated plumes that rose 300 and 600 m above the crater, respectively. Plumes from the vents rose 1 km during 12-13 June. A sulfur odor was noted in Quesada, Santa Ana, San José de Alajuela, and San Juanillo Naranjo.

Sabancaya | Peru : Observatorio Vulcanológico del Sur del IGP (OVS-IGP) and Observatorio Vulcanológico del INGEMMET (OVI) reported that explosive activity at Sabancaya slightly decreased from the previous week; there was an average of 31 explosions recorded per day during 5-11 June. The number and magnitude of long-period and hybrid events were moderate and low, respectively. Levels of long-period events were moderate and hybrid events were low. Gas-and-ash plumes rose as high as 2.8 km above the crater rim and drifted more than 30 km E and SE. The MIROVA system detected four thermal anomalies, spread over the SE, N, and NW flanks. Sulfur dioxide flux was as high as 3,392 tons per day on 6 June.

Sinabung | Indonesia : Based on PVMBG observations, webcam and satellite images, and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 12-14 June ash plumes from Sinabung rose 3.4-5.5 km (11,000-18,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and S.

Turrialba | Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported that tremor amplitude at Turrialba fluctuated from low to medium levels during 7-13 June. Periods of small volcano-tectonic events and many small-amplitude long-period events were also recorded. Plumes of gas and water vapor rose as high as 1 km above the vent and drifted mainly NW, W, and SW.

Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.9 Earthquake hits the Kermedec islands.

5.5 Earthquake hits offshore Oaxaca, Mexico.

5.1 Earthquake hits offshore Guatemala.

5.1 Earthquake hits the Babuyan Islands in the Philippines.

At least five people died after yesterday morning’s magnitude 6.9 earthquake hit western Guatemala near the Mexico border. A church collapsed in San Sebastian Retalhuelu in southern Guatemala.

Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are no current tropical storms.

NewsBytes:

Bangladesh - Heavy rains have triggered a series of landslides and floods in Bangladesh and neighbouring northeast India, killing at least 156 people over two days, and officials warned on Wednesday the toll could rise. Densely populated Bangladesh is battered by storms, floods and landslides every rainy season. The latest casualties come weeks after Cyclone Mora killed at least seven people and damaged tens of thousands of homes. Landslides hit three hilly districts in Bangladesh's southeast early on Tuesday, killing 100 people in Rangamati, 36 in Chittagong and six in Bandarban. Fresh landslides on Wednesday killed one person in the district of Khagrachari and two in the coastal town of Cox's Bazar.

Global Warming

Climate change is shrinking the Colorado River

Lake Powell, photographed April 12, 2017. The white ‘bathtub ring’ at the cliff base indicates how much higher the lake reached at its peak, nearly 100 feet above the current level.

The nation’s two largest reservoirs, Lake Mead on the Arizona/Nevada border and Lake Powell on the Arizona/Utah border, were brim full in the year 2000. Four short years later, they had lost enough water to supply California its legally apportioned share of Colorado River water for more than five years. Now, 17 years later, they still have not recovered.

This ongoing, unprecedented event threatens water supplies to Los Angeles, San Diego, Phoenix, Tucson, Denver, Salt Lake City, Albuquerque and some of the most productive agricultural lands anywhere in the world. It is critical to understand what is causing it so water managers can make realistic water use and conservation plans.

While overuse has played a part, a significant portion of the reservoir decline is due to an ongoing drought, which started in 2000 and has led to substantial reductions in river flows. Most droughts are caused by a lack of precipitation. However, research shows that about one-third of the flow decline was likely due to higher temperatures in the Colorado River’s Upper Basin, which result from climate change.

This distinction matters because climate change is causing long-term warming that will continue for centuries.

In the study, researchers found the period from 2000 to 2014 is the worst 15-year drought since 1906, when official flow measurements began. During these years, annual flows in the Colorado River averaged 19 percent below the 20th-century average.

During a similar 15-year drought in the 1950s, annual flows declined by 18 percent. But during that drought, the region was drier: rainfall decreased by about 6 percent, compared to 4.5 percent between 2000 and 2014. Why, then, is the recent drought the most severe on record?

The answer is simple: higher temperatures. From 2000 to 2014, temperatures in the Upper Basin, where most of the runoff that feeds the Colorado River is produced, were 1.6 degrees Fahrenheit higher than the 20th-century average. This is why we call this event a hot drought. High temperatures continued in 2015 and 2016, as did less-than-average flows. Runoff in 2017 is expected to be above average, but this will only modestly improve reservoir volumes.

High temperatures affect river levels in many ways. Coupled with earlier snow melt, they lead to a longer growing season, which means more days of water demand from plants. Higher temperatures also increase daily plant water use and evaporation from water bodies and soils. In sum, as it warms, the atmosphere draws more water, up to 4 percent more per degree Fahrenheit from all available sources, so less water flows into the river. These findings also apply to all semi-arid rivers in the American Southwest, especially the Rio Grande.

Wildlife

Rare Dolphin

A whale-watching crew has spotted a rare albino Risso's dolphin off the California coast, likely the only such creature in the eastern Pacific. Here are photos of the cute juvenile dolphin.

Wildfires

Wildfires - Siberia

Wildfires raging through Siberia have swelled by more than 2,000 ha over the past 24 hours engulfing 9,200 ha, the Russian Aerial Forest Protection Service reported on Wednesday.

The Irkutsk Region and the Transbaikal Territory are among the worst-hit areas, according to the service.

Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity - New Activity for the week of 7 June - 13 June 2017

Bogoslof | Fox Islands (USA) : colourAVO reported that a new lava dome at Bogoslof breached the surface of the ocean on or around 6 June, and was the first observation of lava at the surface since the start of the eruption that began in mid-December 2016. The dome was an estimated 110 m in diameter on 7 June, and then grew to 160 m in diameter by 9 June.

An explosive eruption began at 0318 on 10 June with a series of short infrasound signals which then, starting at about 0416, transitioned into several minutes-long continuous seismic and infrasound tremor signals. The events generated an ash-rich cloud that rose to an estimated altitude of 10.4 km (34,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NW. The Aviation colour Code (ACC) was raised to Red and the Volcano Alert Level (VAL) was raised to Warning. The eruption ended at 0528. Satellite data indicated that at least part of the volcanic cloud was more ash-rich than most in the current eruption period. On 11 June AVO noted no detectable activity in seismic or infrasound data after the event the day before. The ACC was lowered to Orange and the VAL was lowered to Watch. Satellite image acquired on 10 June and a photograph from an observer aboard a jet aircraft on 11 June suggested that the lava dome was no longer above the surface of the water, and was destroyed during the 10 June event.

A series of explosive events, each lasting 10-30 minutes, began at 1747 on 12 June and ended around 2035. Ash plumes rose 7.6 km (25,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. The ACC was raised to Red and the VAL was raised to Warning. At 0817 on 13 June a six-minute-long explosion was detected in seismic and infrasound data. A plume was not observed, likely because it was too small or below detection limits. The ACC was lowered to Orange and the VAL was lowered to Watch.

Karymsky | Eastern Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 3-8 June. Explosions on 8 June generated ash plumes that rose 2-3 km (6,600-9,800 km) a.s.l. and drifted 70 km E, SE, and SW. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).

Pavlof | United States : On 7 June AVO reported that during the past several days an increase in low-frequency earthquake activity was detected at Pavlof. This kind of activity can sometime precede eruptive episodes. In addition, several short-duration tremor bursts were observed, and a pilot reported a possible ash cloud to 1.2 km (4,000 ft) a.s.l. Infrasound data from instruments on the volcano and from a more distant network in Sand Point showed no evidence of significant explosive activity. AVO noted that since activity prior to eruptions of Pavlof had always been very subtle, they increased the Aviation colour Code to Yellow and the Alert Level to Advisory based on these observations. During 8-9 June gas emissions from the summit were observed in web camera images and by local observers in Cold Bay (60 km SW). AVO noted that vapor emissions (with or without minor amounts of volcanic ash) are common and may occur from the summit vent at any time.

Rincon de la Vieja | Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported that a small, minute-long, phreatic eruption in Rincón de la Vieja's crater lake began at 0542 on 11 June. Poor visibility prevented visual confirmation of plume details, though the Washington VAAC reported that a thermal anomaly was present in satellite images. A small seismic signal that lasted less than one minute was recorded at 2106 on 12 June. The signal possibly represented an emission, though it was not confirmed.

Sheveluch | Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that during 3, 5, and 7-8 June powerful explosions at Sheveluch generated ash plumes that rose as high as 8 km (26,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 1,554 km SW, S, and SE. Pyroclastic flows traveled 10 km. Ashfall was reported in Klyuchi Village (50 km SW) on 8 June. A thermal anomaly was identified daily in satellite images. The Aviation colour Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-colour scale).