Wildlife

Rewilding the USA West

A new study suggests that increasing the numbers of wolves and beavers in federal lands across the western United States could help reestablish habitats lost during the past two centuries. The proposed Western Rewilding Network would cover nearly 190,000 square miles in Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico and Utah.

Only a small fraction of the former wolf and beaver populations still exists across the region, with no beavers left in many waterways. Lead author William Ripple of the Oregon State University College of Forestry says that by felling trees and shrubs to construct dams, beavers enrich fish habitats, increase water and sediment retention and maintain water flows during drought.

Cyclone Victims

A subtropical cyclone swirling off the coast of southern Brazil washed ashore hundreds of Magellan penguins that were migrating northward to breed. Most of the 620 penguins driven onto the sandy beaches along the Santos Basin were found dead.

“Penguins can’t fly and ended up drowning since the wind and waves were too strong,” said Andre Barreto, head of the cleanup operation. “We underwent a cyclone with gales of over 100 kilometers per hour (62 mph) along the Santa Catarina coast.” The cyclone also caused flooding and wind damage.

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Environment

Global Temperature Extremes

The week’s hottest temperature was 49.0 degrees Celsius (120 degrees F) at Death Valley. California.

The week’s coldest temperature was minus 73.0 degrees Celsius (-99 degrees F) at the Vostok, Antarctica.

Temperatures were tabulated from the more than 10,000 worldwide synoptic weather stations. The United Nations World Meteorological Organization sets the standards for weather observations, and provides a global telecommunications circuit for data distribution.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – Algeria

Wildfires in Northeast Algeria have killed at least 38 people according to reports by local journalists and the fire service. Most of the fatalities have occurred in the El Tarf province near Algeria’s border with Tunisia within about 20 miles of the Mediterranean Sea. Officials said that 39 fires were spreading through parts of northern Algeria, and they warned that hot, dry winds could worsen the situation. Approximately 16 fires are near the city of El Tarf. About 90 people are thought to have died in fires last year when more than 250,000 acres of forests burned.

Wildfires – Spain

Thousands of people have been forced to flee their homes as more wildfires sweep across parts of Spain. Climate change and lightning strikes have seen fires break out across the land in recent days, causing damage to countryside and populated areas, as firefighters try to control the situation. In one hair-raising incident, a train service was caught up in a sweeping wildfire near Valencia, which left three passengers seriously injured.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

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Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity – Ongoing Activity for the week 10 August – 16 August 2022

Aira – Kyushu (Japan) : JMA reported that nighttime incandescence at Minamidake Crater (at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) was visible during 8-15 August. The seismic network recorded 33 eruptive events and 12 explosions. Volcanic plumes rose as high as 2.5 km above the crater rim and material was ejected large ballistics as high as 1.7 km above the summit.

Ebeko – Paramushir Island (Russia) : KVERT reported that moderate activity at Ebeko was ongoing. According to volcanologists in Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island, about 7 km E) explosions generated ash plumes that rose up to 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted in multiple directions during 4-5 and 7-8 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during those same days.

Great Sitkin – Andreanof Islands (USA) : AVO reported that slow lava effusion at Great Sitkin continued during 9-16 August; no changes to the flow margins were visible but the lava had deepened around the vent. Weather clouds often obscured satellite and webcam views during most of the week. Seismicity was low and occasional local earthquakes were recorded. Elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite images on most days.

Ibu – Halmahera : PVMBG reported that the eruption at Ibu continued during 9-16 August. Gray-and-white ash plumes of variable densities generally rose as high as 1.5 km above the summit and drifted in multiple directions.

Kadovar – Northeast of New Guinea : Based on satellite and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 14 August an ash plume from Kadovar rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NW.

Karymsky – Eastern Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that the eruption at Karymsky continued during 4-11 August. A daily thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. Explosions during 5-9 August produced ash plumes that rose as high as 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 550 km in multiple directions.

Kilauea – Hawaiian Islands (USA) : HVO reported that lava continued to effuse from a vent in the lower W wall of Kilauea’s Halema`uma`u Crater during 9-16 August, entering the lava lake and flowing onto the crater floor. Part of the lake was continuously active. The lake level mostly remained within the bounding levees, though daily breakouts were visible along the margins.

Krakatau – Sunda Strait : PVMBG reported that cloudy weather often prevented visual confirmation of the ongoing eruption at Anak Krakatau during 9-16 August. Incandescence at or near the vent was seen in nighttime photos on most days.

Merapi – Central Java : BPPTKG reported that the eruption at Merapi continued during 5-11 August and seismicity remained at high levels. As many as 43 lava avalanches traveled down the Bebeng drainage on the SW flank, reaching a maximum distance of 1.5 km.

Pavlof – Alaska Peninsula, Alaska : AVO reported that a minor eruption at a vent on Pavlof’s upper E flank was ongoing during 9-16 August, though cloud cover often prevented visual confirmation. Seismic tremor persisted and multiple small daily explosions were detected in local and regional seismic and infrasound data. The explosions may have produced minor ash emissions that rose no higher than 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and dissipated quickly, though on a few of the clear views none were seen. Elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite images on most of the days.

Popocatepetl – Mexico : CENAPRED reported that there were 19-204 steam-and-gas emissions, sometimes containing minor amounts of ash, rising from Popocatépetl each day during 9-16 August. A minor explosion was recorded at 0839 on 10 August and a moderate explosion was detected at 1528 on 11 August. Minor ashfall was reported in the municipality of Ecatzingo, State of Mexico. An explosion at 1952 on 13 August was followed at 2125 by minor amounts of ashfall in Tetela del Volcán.

Sangay – Ecuador : IG reported that a notable increase in seismicity at Sangay began at around 1000 on 12 August and was followed by the effusion of a lava flow that descended more than 1 km on the SE flank. Strombolian activity was visible at the summit. Ash plumes rose as high as 3.5 km above the summit and drifted 500 km W and SW, past the coastline, and caused daily ashfall in the provinces of Chimborazo and Guayas during 12-16 August.

Semeru – Eastern Java : The eruption at Semeru continued during 10-16 August. The Darwin VAAC reported that during 13-16 August ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4.3-4.6 km (14,000-15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW and W based on satellite images and wind models. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4).

Sheveluch – Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that the ongoing eruption at Sheveluch was characterized by explosions, hot avalanches, and lava-dome extrusion during 4-11 August. A daily thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images, and gas-and-steam plumes containing some ash were visible drifting 70 km E and SE during 8-9 August.

Suwanosejima – Ryukyu Islands (Japan) : JMA reported that the number of daily explosions at Suwanosejima’s Ontake Crater began increasing on 2 August and remained elevated through 7 August; their frequency began decreasing on 8 August. About 11 explosions were recorded during 8-15 August. Eruption plumes rose as high as 2 km above the crater rim and large ballistics were ejected as far as 800 m from the crater. Incandescence from the crater was often visible at night.

Taal – Luzon (Philippines) : PHIVOLCS reported that sulfur dioxide emissions at Taal averaged 3,802-6,844 tonnes per day during 9-10 and 12-15 August; a high of 13,572 tonnes per day was recorded on 11 August causing significant vog around the caldera and a sulfur odor reported by residents of Banyaga, (Agoncillo), Poblacion 5, Boso-boso, and Gulod (Laurel), and Poblacion (Talisay). Upwelling volcanic gasses and fluids in the lake were visible, along with voluminous steam-rich plumes that rose as high as 3 km above the lake and drifted mainly NE, SE, and SW.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.9 earthquake hits Kepulauan Barat Daya, Indonesia.

5.6 earthquake hits Libertador O’Higgins, Chile.

5.4 earthquake hits Minahasa, Sulawesi, Indonesia.

5.3 earthquake hits near the east coast of Honshu, Japan.

5.0 earthquake hits Mindanao in the Philippines.

5.0 earthquake hits the Kuril Islands.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are currently no tropical storms.

Newsbytes:

France – Heavy downpours caused flash flooding Tuesday afternoon in the French capital city of Paris, closing metro stations and bringing commuters and tourists to a standstill.

New Zealand – A state of emergency has been declared in Nelson as residents have been told to evacuate their homes immediately after the Maitai River breached its banks. Some 223 homes in Nelson have already been evacuated.

England – Thunderstorms and flash floods have struck parts of southern England, causing flash flooding in large areas of central London. Intense downpours began in London and swept the South East on Wednesday. High Beech, in Essex, saw the highest rainfall with 64mm falling in a 24-hour period, while Frittenden in Kent had 46mm of rain falling in one hour.

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Wildfires

‘Staggering’ rate of global tree losses from fires

Around 16 football pitches of trees per minute were lost to forest fires in 2021, a new report says. Data from Global Forest Watch suggests that across the globe, the amount of tree cover being burned has nearly doubled in the past 20 years.

Climate change is a key factor in the increase as it leads to higher temperatures and drier conditions. Of the 9 million hectares of trees consumed by fire in 2021, over five million were in Russia.

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Disease

Chikungunya – Philippines

The Philippines Department of Health is reporting a significant increase in chikungunya cases in the first seven months of 2022. According to officials data released today, 372 cases of the mosquito-borne viral infection were reported from January 1 to July 30, 2022. This compared to 65 cases reported during the same period in 2021.

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Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity – New Activity for the week 10 August – 16 August 2022

Krysuvik-Trolladyngja – Reykjanes Peninsula : The fissure eruption in the Krýsuvík-Trölladyngja volcanic system that began on 3 August continued in the Meradalir valley during 10-16 August. Lava erupted mainly from a central cone and flowed ESE. According to the Institute of Earth Sciences the effusion rate had notably decreased, from an average of 11 cubic meters per second during 4-13 August to 3-4 cubic meters per second during 13-15 August. A news article stated that the effusion rate significantly decreased during 0530-0630 on 13 August based on information from IMO staff who were investigating the eruption site for new changes. The Institute of Earth Sciences estimated that 10.6 million cubic meters of lava had covered an area of 1.25 square kilometers by 15 August. Data collected during an overflight on 16 August indicated that the effusion rate had further reduced to 2 cubic meters per second during the previous day, though the uncertainty in that estimate was high. On 16 August residents reported seeing a purple-tinged sulfur dioxide gas cloud over the eruption area slowly drifting SW during sunrise.

Ta’u – American Samoa (SW Pacific)  : HVO reported that earthquakes were felt by residents of the Manu?a group of islands in American Samoa beginning on 26 July. Residents of Ofu and Olosega islands began reporting earthquakes on 10 August. Experts from HVO, Pago Pago National Weather Service Office (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Pacific Tsunami Warning Center, NOAA-IOC (NOAA-Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission), International Tsunami Information Center, and USGS National Earthquake Information Center have been working together to respond to the unrest. USGS scientists arrived on the islands and installed two microseismometers, one in Fiti?uta village on Ta?u island on 13 August and the other in Olosega village on 14 August. The instruments began recording about 20 earthquakes per hour. The largest earthquakes, including the felt events, were estimated to be between magnitudes 2 and 3; most of the events were too small to be felt. The exact location and depth of these earthquakes was unknown, due to limited earthquake monitoring equipment, though the data suggested that the events were beneath the Manu?a Islands, likely closer to Ta?u island rather than Ofu-Olosega, and were probably not related to the recently active Vailulu?u seamount. HVO noted that American Samoa’s volcanoes were monitored remotely by satellites and a distant seismic station in Apia, Samoa; the lack of ground-based monitoring stations does not allow for advanced warning of new activity. Both the Volcano Alert Level and Aviation Color Code were categorized as Unassigned due to the lack of a volcano-monitoring network.HVO reported that earthquakes were felt by residents of the Manu?a group of islands in American Samoa beginning on 26 July. Residents of Ofu and Olosega islands began reporting earthquakes on 10 August. Experts from HVO, Pago Pago National Weather Service Office (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Pacific Tsunami Warning Center, NOAA-IOC (NOAA-Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission), International Tsunami Information Center, and USGS National Earthquake Information Center have been working together to respond to the unrest. USGS scientists arrived on the islands and installed two microseismometers, one in Fiti?uta village on Ta?u island on 13 August and the other in Olosega village on 14 August. The instruments began recording about 20 earthquakes per hour. The largest earthquakes, including the felt events, were estimated to be between magnitudes 2 and 3; most of the events were too small to be felt. The exact location and depth of these earthquakes was unknown, due to limited earthquake monitoring equipment, though the data suggested that the events were beneath the Manu?a Islands, likely closer to Ta?u island rather than Ofu-Olosega, and were probably not related to the recently active Vailulu?u seamount. HVO noted that American Samoa’s volcanoes were monitored remotely by satellites and a distant seismic station in Apia, Samoa; the lack of ground-based monitoring stations does not allow for advanced warning of new activity.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.4 earthquake hits the Kuril Islands.

5.4 earthquake hits off the east coast of Honshu, Japan.

5.3 earthquake hits Alaska.

5.2 earthquake hits south of the Kermedec Islands.

5.1 earthquake hits eastern New Guinea, Papua New Guinea.

5.0 earthquake hits the Kuril Islands.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are currently no tropical storms.

Newsbytes:

West Virginia, USA – The Governor of West Virginia, USA, declared a state of emergency for two southern counties after floods from heavy rainfall on 15 August 2022. The city of Charleston recorded 112.8 mm (4.44 inches) of rain in 24 hours on 15 August, with over 42 mm (1.7 inches) of that falling in 1 hour. Flooding caused damaged to dozens of homes in Fayette and Kanawha counties. Some residents had to be rescued and evacuated from flooded premises. Roads and bridges were also damaged.

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Disease

Dengue Fever

Laos – Since our last report on the dengue fever outbreak in Laos on August 1, the country has reported more than 4,200 cases. As of August 15, Laos health officials report 17,892 total dengue cases with more than half the cases reported from the capital city of Vientiane (9,114).

Philippines – In the Philippines, 102,619 dengue cases were reported from January 1 to July 30 this year.

Measles – Nigeria

From January 2022 to June 1, Nigeria tops the list for the country with the most measles cases with 18,628 cases.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.7 earthquake hits the Macquarie Islands.

5.2 earthquake hits the Nias region, Indonesia.

5.0 earthquake hits Ascension Island.

5.0 earthquake hits southeast of the Loyalty Islands.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 010e (Ivette), located approximately 942 nm south of San Diego, is tracking west-southwestward at 02 knots.

Newsbytes:

South East Asia – Heavy rain brought by the passing of Tropical Storm Mulan has caused flooding and landslides in areas of Vietnam, northern Thailand and bordering areas of Myanmar, and northern Laos. Tropical Storm Mulan made landfall in coastal areas of Xuwen County in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, China on 10 August 2022. Some flights and shipping were disrupted. Storm Mulan then weakened into a tropical depression as it moved towards northeast Vietnam. In Vietnam Storm Mulan brought heavy rain from around 09 August. In a 3 day period to late 12 August, Muong Khen in Hoa Binh recorded 328 mm of rain. In Thailand, Tropical Storm Mulan affected 11 provinces from around 11 August 2022. DDPM said 5,965 households were affected in total. Thousands of people in Laos are suffering after rivers flooded following several days of heavy rain in northern areas.

Myanmar – A dam breach in Myanmar caused chest-high floods in the border areas of northern Thailand on Saturday, according to local media. The dam on the Thailand-Myanmar border overflowed due to heavy rainfall generated by passing tropical storm Mulan, officials said. Water levels started to recede by nightfall but residents were cautious with some opting to stay outdoors to make sure water levels wouldn’t rise again. There were no reports of casualties.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever – Iraq

The Iraq Ministry of Health is now reporting 289 confirmed Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) cases and 52 deaths as of August 11. This is an increase of 16 cases and 3 deaths since our last report on August 3.

Brazil – Dengue Fever

The Secretary of State for Health confirmed recently 12 more deaths caused by dengue. In the last seven days, Paraná reported 2,682 more cases of dengue, the disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. With the data included in the weekly bulletin on the disease, Paraná has accumulated 132,328 confirmed cases and 88 deaths caused by dengue.

Measles – Zimbabwe

A measles outbreak has killed 80 children in Zimbabwe since April, the ministry of health has said, blaming church sect gatherings for the surge. In a statement seen by Reuters on Sunday, the ministry said the outbreak had now spread nationwide, with a case fatality rate of 6.9%. 1,036 suspected cases and 125 confirmed cases had been reported since the outbreak.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

6.6 earthquake hits south of the Kermedec Islands.

6.2 earthquake hits southeast of the Loyalty Islands.

5.6 earthquake hits Mindanao in the Philippines.

5.4 earthquake hits northern Qinghai, China.

5.2 earthquake hits the Rat Islands in the Aleutian Islands.

5.2 earthquake hits Luzon in the Philippines.

5.0 earthquake hits offshore Valparaiso, Chile.

5.0 earthquake hits eastern New Guinea, Papua New Guinea.

5.0 earthquake hits south of the Kermedec Islands.

5.0 earthquake hits northern Qinghai, China.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 010e (Ten), located approximately 904 nm south-southeast of San Diego, is tracking west-northwestward at 01 knot.

Newsbytes:

Afghanistan – Over 30 people have died and many are missing after heavy rain caused flash flooding in parts of Afghanistan. Flash flooding struck in the norther Parwan Province on 13 August 2022 following heavy rainfall. Affected districts include Ghorband (also known as Syagird) and Shinwari. Flooding has also impacted areas of Logar Province in the last few days. Afghan Red Crescent reported at least 1 fatality, 3 injured and over 80 houses damaged or destroyed, along with wide areas of agricultural land.

Sudan – The number of fatalities caused by ongoing floods in Sudan has climbed steeply according to an update by Sudan Civil Defence and the United Nations. As of 13 August that 52 people have now died and another 25 have been injured since the beginning of the rainy season. As of 14 August 2022, the estimated number of people affected by heavy rains and floods since May is about 136,000 people. Torrential rains and floods destroyed about 8,900 houses and damaged another 20,600 in 12 states.

Nigeria – Officials in the state of Jigawa, northern Nigeria, report as many as 50 people have lost their lives in floods triggered by torrential rains. Severe flooding struck in several Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Jigawa after heavy rain from 01 August 2022. At least 7 people lost their lives as a result. Heavy rain and flooding has continued to affect areas of the state since then. On 14 August 2022, officials report that 50 people have now lost their lives and thousands of homes have been damaged leaving many displaced.

Mexico – At least 3 people have died after further flooding in the state of Sonora, Mexico, authorities report. Flash flooding struck in the city of Nogales, close to the border with Arizona, USA, following a storm on 13 August 2022. A total of 12 vehicles were swept away by flooding in different parts of the city, while around 7 homes suffered flood damage. Landslides were also reported in the area.

Chad – Weeks of heavy rain have caused significant damage and over 20 fatalities in different regions of Chad, including the capital N’Djamena. Since June, storms, heavy rain and flooding have affected 3,477 households (over 17,000 people) and destroyed 1,312 houses. Further more at least 22 people have lost their lives and 229 have been injured. As much as 160 mm of rain fell in 24 hours in N’Djamena on 02 August 2022. As many as 480 houses were destroyed and 789 damaged. In total 3,641 households were affected.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – Spain

A large wildfire in northeast Spain grew rapidly overnight and was burning out of control Sunday, forcing the evacuation of eight villages and 1,500 people in Zaragoza province, firefighters said. The wildfire, which began Saturday, developed a 50-kilometer (31-mile) perimeter in less than 24 hours, the local forest chief said. It’s estimated burned surface could be up to 8,000 hectares (20,000 acres).

Wildfires – California

The Six Rivers fire, burning more than 16,900 acres in Trinity and Humboldt counties, is just 15% contained Sunday, according to fire officials.

The McKinney fire, which claimed the lives of four people, remains 95% contained after burning 60,000 acres. Some evacuation orders had been lifted, but many others remained in effect particularly around Highway 96.

Wildfires – Australia

Western Australia’s emergency services issued a bushfire warning on Sunday for an out of control blaze around Mokine in the Shire of Northam, 71 km east of the state capital Perth that was threatening homes and lives. Residents were advised to leave their homes and seek safer areas.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.8 earthquake hits the Molucca Sea.

5.7 earthquake hits eastern New Guinea, Papua New Guinea.

5.4 earthquake hits eastern Qinghai, China.

5.4 earthquake hits the Sea of Okhotsk.

5.4 earthquake hits Vanuatu.

5.3 earthquake hits Vanuatu.

5.2 earthquake hits south of Africa.

5.1 earthquake hits Vanuatu.

5.0 earthquake hits Vanuatu.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Northwest Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 09w (Meari), located approximately 203 nm south-southeast of Misawa, Japan, is tracking northeastward at 25 knots.

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 010e (Ten), located approximately 900 nm south-southeast of San Diego, is tracking west-northwestward at 05 knots.

Newsbytes:

Nevada, USA – Two people are dead after heavy rain poured into Las Vegas casinos and flooded streets Thursday night in the wettest monsoon season in a decade, according to Clark County officials.

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Global Warming

Antarctic Ice in Retreat

Sea ice surrounding Antarctica reached its lowest extent on record for July, according to data from Europe’s Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

A record low coverage was also reached in June, following several months of below-average extent. C3S says Antarctic sea ice covered just 15.3 million square km in July, or 7% below the 1991-2020 average for the month. The floating ice had steadily increased from 1979 until a general decline began after a record high coverage was reached in 2014.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – UK

As parts of England officially enter drought, wildfires are smouldering across the country. Images howed smoke billowing over Hollow ponds, near Leytonstone in east London. Videos also showed a fire burning on the side of the A30 in Cornwall, and smoke drifting above Poole harbour from a fire on Studland heath.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

6.1 earthquake hits Mindanao in the Philippines.

5.3 earthquake hits the central Mediterranean Sea.

5.2 earthquake hits the Kermedec Islands.

5.1 earthquake hits Panay in the Philippines.

5.0 earthquake hits the Fox Islands in the Aleutian Islands.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Northwest Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 09w (Meari), located approximately 78 nm west-southwest of Yokosuka, Japan, is tracking northeastward at 13 knots.

In the North Indian Ocean: Tropical Cyclone 03a (Three), located approximately 252 nm southwest of Karachi, Pakistan, is tracking west-southwestward at 10 knots.

Newsbytes:

Niger – Flooding brought by seasonal heavy rains has continued to cause widespread damage in Niger, where 27 people have now died and almost 60,000 affected. Over 6,000 homes have been destroyed. Maradi, the second largest city in Niger, recorded 94 mm of rain in 24 hours to 21 July. The city of Dosso in the south-west corner of Niger saw 95 mm of rain in 24 hours to 04 August. In a report of 08 August 2022 by the United Nations, a total of 27 people have died as a result of flooding and heavy rain in Niger since the start of the rainy season.

Sudan – The rainy season continues to its toll on communities in Sudan, where over 80,000 people have now been affected and 25 have lost their lives. Around 30,000 people were affected after flooding struck in Azum and Gharb Jabal Marrah localities in Central Darfur during the first week of August 2022. As many as 5,892 houses have been destroyed.

Venezuela – Flooding has affected hundreds of people across the states of Barinas, Táchira and Miranda in Venezuela over the last few days. Dozens of families have been displaced after homes were damaged or destroyed. In Barinas state, the Socopó River broke its banks flooding wide areas of Socopó municipality from 09 August 2022. Nine homes were destroyed or severely damaged. At least 53 families have been forced to evacuate. In total around 2,300 residents have been affected. Around 140 families were affected and 28 houses damaged or destroyed after severe flooding in Capacho Viejo municipality in Táchira state, close to the border with North Santander Department of Colombia. Meanwhile around 120 homes were damaged in the municipality of Sucre, in the state of Miranda, close to Caracas, Venezuela’s capital.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – Hawaii

The Leilani Fire started in the US Army’s Pohakuloa Training Area on the Big Island and was mapped July 22 at 2,362 acres. Recent strong winds and extremely dry conditions have helped it spring back to life and was reported Thursday evening to be 25,000 acres.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms - Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Northwest Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 09w (Nine, located approximately 314 nm south-southwest of Yokosuka, Japan, is tracking northeastward at 05 knots.

In the North Indian Ocean: Tropical Cyclone 03a (Three), located approximately 199 nm south-southwest of Karachi, Pakistan, is tracking westward at 07 knots.

Environment

Unhealthy Rainwater

It is no longer safe to drink rainwater anywhere on the planet, even in the most remote areas around the poles and high on the Tibetan Plateau, according to a new Stockholm University and ETH Zurich study.

Researchers found rainwater is adulterated with fluorine-based PFAS, which accumulate in the body and are very slow to degrade. They are used in nonstick pans, firefighting foam, water-repellent clothing and scores of other products. The contamination of rainwater “greatly exceeds” safety levels virtually everywhere on Earth. “I’m not saying that we’re all going to die of these effects. But we’re in a place now where you can’t live anywhere on the planet and be sure that the environment is safe,” said Ian Cousins of Stockholm University.

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Global Warming

Rate of Arctic Warming Underestimated

The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the rest of the planet during the last 40 years, according to research published on Thursday that suggests climate models are underestimating the rate of polar heating.

An Arctic Council working group based in Troms, Norway, had reported in May 2021 that the increase in average Arctic surface temperature between 1971 and 2019 was 3.1 degrees Celsius (5.58 degree Fahrenheit), about three times higher than the global average.

Meanwhile the Eurasian sector of the Arctic Ocean, near the Svalbard and Novaya Zemlya archipelagos, has warmed as much as 1.25C (2.25F) per decade – seven times faster than the rest of the world.

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Environment

Global Temperature Extremes

The week’s hottest temperature was 49.0 degrees Celsius (120.2 degrees F) at Hofuf, Saudi Aranbia.

The week’s coldest temperature was minus 72.0 degrees Celsius (-97.6degrees F) at the Vostok, Antarctica.

Temperatures were tabulated from the more than 10,000 worldwide synoptic weather stations. The United Nations World Meteorological Organization sets the standards for weather observations, and provides a global telecommunications circuit for data distribution.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

Climate Diseases

More than half of diseases that infect humans from pathogens such as viruses and bacteria have been made worse by the deepening climate emergency, according to a new report. Researchers at the University of Hawaii reviewed more than 70,000 studies of all known infections and pathogenic diseases that have ever affected humanity, and looked at how global heating has affected them.

Writing in Nature Climate Change, they say diseases such as Zika, malaria, dengue and even COVID-19 have been made more severe to humans by climate-related events such as extreme rainfall, floods, drought, heat waves and wildfires. They add that altered rainfall patterns have expanded the ranges of disease-carrying pests such as ticks, fleas and mosquitoes, which carry malaria, Lyme disease, West Nile virus and other illnesses.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever – Spain

The Ministry of Health has confirmed two new cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in two men – one of them deceased – residing in the Bierzo region (León).

Monkeypox – Peru

To date, Peru has registered 583 cases of the monkeypox in 14 regions and there have already been 221 epidemiological discharges.

Malaria – Peru

CDC Peru reported that during epidemiological week 30, 15,381 cases of malaria have been reported since the beginning of 2022. These notifications include 4 deaths from autochthonous transmission; of which, 3 deaths were in young children.

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Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity – Ongoing Activity for the week 3 August – 9 August 2022

Ebeko – Paramushir Island (Russia) : KVERT reported that moderate activity at Ebeko was ongoing during 28 July-4 August. According to volcanologists in Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island, about 7 km E) explosions generated ash plumes that rose up to 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted in multiple directions. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 1 and 3-4 August.

Fuego – South-Central Guatemala : INSIVUMEH reported that 3-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 2-9 August, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 30 km W and SW, causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Ojo de Agua, and Finca Palo Verde. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was occasionally heard. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit each day.

Great Sitkin – Andreanof Islands (USA) : AVO reported that slow lava effusion at Great Sitkin likely continued during 2-9 August; no changes to the flow lengths were visible but the lava had deepened around the vent. Weather clouds often obscured satellite and webcam views during most of the week, though no activity was visible when views were clear. Seismicity was low and occasional local earthquakes were recorded. Elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite images during 5-9 August.

Karymsky – Eastern Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that the eruption at Karymsky continued during 29 July-4 August. Explosions during 29-31 July, 1-2 August, and 4 August produced ash plumes that rose 4-8 km (13,100-26,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 230 km S, SE, and E. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 31 July-4 August.

Kilauea – Hawaiian Islands (USA) : HVO reported that lava continued to effuse from a vent in the lower W wall of Kilauea’s Halema`uma`u Crater during 2-9 August, entering the lava lake and flowing onto the crater floor. The lake level remained within the bounding levees. Daily minor ooze-outs were visible along the margins of the crater floor. Intense incandescence from the W vent was visible during 5-9 August.

Krakatau – Sunda Strait : PVMBG reported that the eruption at Anak Krakatau continued during 3-9 August. Several eruptive events occurred on 3 August (at 0034, 0115, and 1540), sometimes producing dense black ash plumes that rose as high as 1.5 km above the summit and drifted SW. At 0926 on 4 August a dense gray-to-black ash plume rose 1.5 km and drifted N. Incandescence at or near the vent was seen in nighttime photos on most days. Diffuse white plumes were visible rising from the volcano during 7-8 August.

Lewotolok – Lembata Island : PVMBG reported that the Strombolian eruption at Lewotolok continued during 2-9 August. Daily white or white-and-gray emissions rose as high as 400 m above the summit and drifted in multiple directions. Photos in some posted reports showed Strombolian activity.

Merapi – Central Java : BPPTKG reported that the eruption at Merapi continued during 29 July-4 August. Seismicity remained at high levels. As many as 34 lava avalanches traveled down the Bebeng drainage on the SW flank, reaching a maximum distance of 1.8 km. The volumes of both the SW and central lava domes were unchanged based on photo analyses.

Nevado del Ruiz – Colombia : On 2 August Servicio Geológico Colombiano’s (SGC) reported that during the previous week the number and size of seismic signals indicating fluid movement had increased at Nevado del Ruiz compared to the week before, though they remained at moderate levels. Although seismic signals indicating rock fracturing increased in number, magnitudes were similar to the previous week. Several episodes of drumbeat seismicity were recorded, indicating continuing growth of the lava dome. Gas-and-steam emissions rose from the crater, reaching just over 2.4 km above the summit on 30 July. Several thermal anomalies in Arenas Crater were identified in satellite images during 0500-0600 on 4 August, and seismic signals indicating emissions were recorded during 4-5 August. Ashfall was reported in the municipalities of Santa Rosa de Cabal, Pereira, Villamaría, Manizales, and Dosquebradas. Tephra deposits were visible near the crater and in areas up to 3 km away.

Pavlof – Alaska Peninsula, Alaska : AVO reported that a minor eruption at a vent on Pavlof’s upper E flank was ongoing during 3-9 August. Seismic tremor persisted and multiple daily explosions were detected in local and regional seismic and infrasound data. The explosions likely produced minor ash emissions that rose no higher than 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l., though cloud cover prevented confirmation on most days. Strongly elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite images during 7-8 August.

Sabancaya – Peru : Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported moderate levels of activity at Sabancaya during 1-7 August with a daily average of 19 explosions. Gas-and-ash plumes rose as high as 2.7 km above the summit and drifted E, SE, SW, and W. As many as seven thermal anomalies originating from the lava dome in the summit crater were identified in satellite data. Minor inflation continued to be detected near Hualca Hualca (4 km N).

Santa Maria – Southwestern Guatemala : INSIVUMEH reported that the eruption at Santa María’s Santiaguito lava-dome complex continued during 2-9 August. Lava flows continued to advance in the San Isidro and El Tambor drainages on the W and SW flanks and were as long as 3.7 km by 5 August. Block avalanches from the W part of Caliente cone, and from both the ends and sides of the flows descended the S, SW, and W flanks. The avalanches generated ash plumes that rose about 1 km and drifted SW, S, and E, causing ashfall in areas downwind including La Florida, Monte Claro, San Marcos Palajunoj, Loma Linda, and Las Marías. Incandescence from Caliente cone and the lava-flow fronts was sometimes visible at night.

Semeru – Eastern Java : PVMBG reported that the eruption at Semeru continued during 3-9 August. Eruptive events recorded at 0810 on 3 August, 0628 on 4 August, 1245 on 5 August, and 0720 on 6 August produced ash plumes that rose 500-700 m above the summit and drifted SW and N.

Sheveluch – Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that the ongoing eruption at Sheveluch was characterized by explosions, hot avalanches, and lava-dome extrusion during 29 July-4 August. A daily thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images, and ash plumes were visible drifting 24 km SW on 31 July.

Stromboli – Aeolian Islands (Italy) : INGV reported that during 1-7 August activity at Stromboli was characterized by ongoing explosions from two vents in Area N (North Crater area) and two vents in Area C-S (South-Central Crater area). Low-intensity explosions from the N1 vent (Area N) ejected mostly ash, with some course material, 80-150 m high at a rate of 2-6 explosions per hour. The N2 vent (Area N) emitted gases. No explosions occurred at the S1 and C vents in Area C-S; low-intensity explosions at two S2 vents ejected coarse material 80-150 m high at a rate of 3-4 explosions per hour.

Suwanosejima – Ryukyu Islands (Japan) : JMA reported that the number of explosions at Suwanosejima’s Ontake Crater increased during 2-8 August, when around 30 were recorded; nine of those were detected on 7 August. During 7-8 August eruption plumes rose as high as 2 km above the crater rim and mingled with weather clouds. Large ballistics were ejected 600 m from the crater’s center. Incandescence from the crater was visible at night.

Taal – Luzon (Philippines) : PHIVOLCS reported increases in both sulfur dioxide emissions at Taal and activity in Main Crater Lake. Sulfur dioxide emissions averaged 1,289 tonnes per day from May to mid-June, and increased to an average of 4,952 tonnes per day during 15 July-3 August. Sulfur dioxide emissions further increased to 12,125 and 17,141 tonnes per day on 3 and 7 August, respectively, prompting PHIVOLCS to issue advisories. Vog was present over the W part of Taal Caldera during 2-3 August; dense vog in Laurel and Banyaga (Agoncillo, Batangas Province) also damaged vegetation. A sulfur odor was reported by residents of Tagaytay City and Bugaan East. Upwelling gasses and hot fluids in the lake, and voluminous steam-rich plumes rising as high as 2.8 km above the lake, were visible during 1-9 August. Recent low-frequency seismic events and tremor were characterized as above background.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.1 earthquake hits Hokkaido, Japan.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 09e (Howard), located approximately 580 nm south-southwest of San Diego, is tracking west-northwestward at 09 knots.

In the Northwest Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 09w (Nine, located approximately 437 nm south-southwest of Yokosuka, Japan, is tracking westward at 05 knots.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – France

Wildfires raged in southwestern France on Tuesday, destroying sixteen houses, burning 6,000 hectares and forcing the evacuation of almost 10,000 people in an area already hit last month by huge blazes. Another fire is in the Maine et Loire department in western France, where 650 hectares have been scorched and 500 are threatened, according to local authorities.

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Disease

Covid-19

As more countries report Covid-19 cases less frequently, we will give an update weekly or bi-weekly as circumstances dictate.

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Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity – New Activity for the week 3 August – 9 August 2022

Aira – Kyushu (Japan) : JMA reported that nighttime incandescence at Minamidake Crater (at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) was visible during 1-8 August. The seismic network recorded 25 eruptive events and seven explosions. Volcanic plumes rose as high as 2.8 km above the crater rim and material was ejected material as high as 1.3 km above the summit.

Grimsvotn – Iceland ” The Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) reported that seismicity at Grímsvötn had declined to normal levels during the past few days, and no significant variations from background levels were observed in geochemical or deformation data.

Ioto – Volcano Islands : JMA reported that minor eruptive activity off the coast at Ioto (Iwo-jima) had been visible daily during 11-31 July. On 14 July pumice pieces from the eruption washed up onto the shore at Onohama and were photographed during a field survey conducted by the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention. JMA scientist visited the site on 31 July and confirmed the pumice deposits on the beach. They saw eruptive activity every few minutes, and gray, tephra-laden columns of water being ejected 20-30 m above the ocean’s surface. A satellite image on 4 August showed a small rounded gray zone at the water surface and a plume of discolored water drifting NE.

Krysuvik-Trolladyngja – Reykjanes Peninsula : The fissure eruption of the Krýsuvík-Trölladyngja volcanic system that began at around 1318 on 3 August continued at least through 9 August. Numerous small lava fountains rose along the fissure, located near the border of the previous flow field N of Fagradalsfjall, and lava flows traveled downslope to the NW. Scientists from the Institute of Earth Sciences stated that the initial flow rate was 5-10 times greater than the flow rate at the start of the 2021 eruption, based on model estimates, field data, and satellite measurements. The flow rate was about 32 cubic meters per second during the initial hours of the eruption, then decreased to an average of 18 cubic meters per second from 1700 on 3 August until 1100 on 4 August, by which time about 1.6 million cubic meters of lava had covered an area of 0.14 square kilometers. The average flow thickness was around 11 m. According to a news article the length of the active fissure had decreased and the middle part of the fissure was the most active. On 5 August Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) reported that the number of daily earthquakes declined after the eruption began and deformation stabilized. Thousands of people were walking on the trails to view the eruption; authorities warned the public to heed inclement weather warnings, and closed access to the site during 7-9 August due to weather conditions and trail maintenance.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.6 earthquake hits the Banda Sea.

5.2 earthquake hits Vanuatu.

5.1 earthquake hits the west Chile rise.

Two 5.0 earthquakes hit the South Sandwich Islands.

5.0 earthquake hits the Santa Cruz Islands.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Hurricane 09e (Howard), located approximately 571 nm south of San Diego, is tracking west-northwestward at 08 knots.

Newsbytes:

South Korea – Torrential rain has caused flooding and landslides in South Korea where 9 people have lost their lives and 6 others are missing. The worst affected locations are the capital Seoul, the nearby port city of Incheon, surrounding areas of Gyeonggi Province and parts of Gangwon Province. Around 800 buildings have been damaged by floods, landslides or walls collapsing from the heavy rain. MOIS reported 936 people have been evacuated to safer housing. Some railway services were suspended due to flooded tracks in around 8 locations mostly in Seoul and Incheon. Roads have also been damaged or flooded.

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Global Warming

Pyrenees Glacier Disappears Entirely Due to Global Warming

The Pyrenees’ Gourgs Blancs glacier, a popular spot for amateur mountaineers due to its accessibility, has now completely disappeared due to rising temperatures.

The glacier sat at an altitude of 3,128 metres and was located in the Luchonnais valley region in Haute-Garonne, close to the border with Spain.

The picture below shows a comparison of the glacier at the beginning of the 20th century and on August 6 this year.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

Dengue Fever

Brazil – Through August 2, health officials in Minas Gerais state, Brazil recorded 86,442 probable cases of dengue. Of this total, 58,386 cases were confirmed for the disease. 40 deaths were confirmed by the disease in Minas Gerais and 49 deaths are investigated so far.

Philippines – In a follow-up on the dengue situation in the Philippines, the Philippines Department of Health (DOH) reported Monday the country’s tally has surpassed 90,000 cases. From January 1 to July 23 this year, 92,343 dengue cases have been recorded. This is 118 percent higher than the figure in the same period in 2021.

Florida, USA – The Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County remains under a mosquito-borne illness advisory following the confirmation of an identified case of dengue in a Miami-Dade resident. This is the third local case of dengue infection in 2022.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5,7 earthquake hits off the coast of Aisen, Chile.

5.2 earthquake hits Tonga.

5.2 earthquake hits Vanuatu.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Hurricane 09e (Howard), located approximately 682 nm south of San Diego, is tracking west-northwestward at 10 knots.

Newsbytes:

Mexico – Heavy rain over the last few days has caused flash flooding in parts of Sonora State, Mexico, where at least two people have lost their lives. 2 people died and one was rescued after a vehicle was swept away by flood waters from an overflowing stream near Hermosillo. Flooded streets in the city left several vehicles stranded. Flooding has also affected other areas of the state. Four people were rescued from flood waters in Nogales. Five people were rescued from the overflowing Cabullona River in the municipality of Agua Prieta. Civil Protection said 250 vehicles in the Cabullona Park were unable to leave due to flooding from the river. No injuries were reported and all occupants were safe.

Colombia – At least 21 buildings collapsed after flash floods in parts of Antioquia Department in Colombia. eavy rain caused the La García and La Chiquita streams to overflow in Bello municipality on 06 August 2022. As of 07 August, the mayor of the municipality said 21 buildings had collapsed or were completely destroyed. At least 500 families have been affected with many of the moved to safer areas. Around the same time flooding was also reported in Cisneros, El Santuario and Andes municipalities. Around 42 homes were damaged in Andes.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – France

Several hundred hectares of land have been destroyed over the weekend in Brittany, Dordogne and Isère by wildfires, leading to hundreds of people being evacuated.

The blazes are now said to be under control but the dry weather means that there is a possibility of resurgences. Several departments, such as the Dordogne, remain on alert for a high risk of forest fires.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.9 earthquake hits east of the Kuril Islands.

5.4 earthquake hits New Britain, Papua New Guinea.

5.2 earthquake hits Oaxaca, Mexico.

5.1 earthquake hits offshore Valparaiso, Chile.

5.0 earthquake hits the South Sandwich Islands.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical Storm 09e (Howard), located approximately 875 nm south-southeast of San Diego, is tracking northwestward at 12 knots.

Newsbytes:

Senegal – At least one person was killed and one severely wounded after torrential rain caused intense flooding in Senegal’s capital, Dakar, on Friday. Unusually heavy downpours hit the city for the second time in less than a month, sending brown, knee-deep water gushing down streets and grid-locking traffic. Flooding is a regular occurrence during this period in Dakar, but deaths are relatively rare, particularly in more well-off parts of the capital. Senegal is a semi-arid country where sandy roads and flat-roofed houses are poorly equipped for rain.

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Space Events

Perseid Meteor Shower

The Perseid meteor shower is the most famous annual display of “shooting stars.” It typically occurs between July and August, when it’s both dark and warm in the Northern Hemisphere. They appear between July 14 and Sept. 1 each year, peaking around Aug. 11, 12 or 13.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – Croatia

Croatian water-bomber planes joined dozens of firefighters on Sunday to help contain a wildfire that killed one man on the Adriatic island of Hvar, Croatian media reported. The fire, which broke out early in the afternoon, threatened residential areas close to the town of Stari Grad. The man died when he tried to keep the flames away from his property.

Wildfires – Newfoundland

The federal government of Newfoundland and Labrador has declared a state of emergency in central Newfoundland as wildfires proceed to spiral uncontrolled. Fires in central Newfoundland have been burning for 2 weeks, and the biggest fireplace close to the Bay d’Espoir Freeway has compelled the continued closure of the one highway into and out of the Connaigre Peninsula.

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Disease

Diphtheria – Switzerland

Switzerland officials report that up to eight people living in a centre for asylum seekers in the capital of Bern, contracted diphtheria. The cases have been isolated and 175 people have been put in quarantine.

Monkeypox – Florida, USA

The number of monkeypox cases in Miami-Dade County just a few short days ago was barely above 100 and second in the state. Now we see the tally in Miami-Dade County stands at 348, tops in the state surpassing Broward County with 324.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.3 earthquake hits the Gulf of California.

5.1 earthquake hits eastern New Guinea, Papua New Guinea.

5.0 earthquake hits Vanuatu.

5.0 earthquake hits off the east coast of Kamchatka, Russia.

5.0 earthquake hits near the east coast of Honshu, Japan.

5.0 earthquake hits near the south coast of western Honshu, Japan.

5.0 earthquake hits Tonga.

5.0 earthquake hits Tarapaca, Chile.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical depression 09e (Nine), located approximately 1101 nm south-southeast of San Diego, is tracking west-northwestward at 13 knots.

Newsbytes:

California, USA – Flash flooding at Death Valley National Park triggered by heavy rainfall on Friday buried cars, forced officials to close all roads in and out the park and stranded about 1,000 people. The park near the California-Nevada state line received at least 4.3 centimeters of rain at the Furnace Creek area, which park officials in a statement said represented “nearly an entire year’s worth of rain in one morning.” The park’s average annual rainfall is 4.8 centimeters. About 60 vehicles were buried in debris.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – Spain

Spanish firefighters on Saturday struggled to contain wildfires that have ravaged large tracts in the northwest, as a third summer heat wave grips the country. Firefighters were battling six blazes in Galicia that have scorched nearly 3,000 hectares (7,400 acres). Some 700 people have been evacuated from the area around Boiro, where a blaze broke out on Thursday, according to regional officials. But no casualties have been reported so far.

Wildfires – Idaho, USA

The Moose Fire has burned an estimated 68,166 acres — or about 106 square miles — since July 17. The fire was 14% contained as of the morning of Saturday, Aug. 6.

California Wildfire Causes Fish Deaths

A wildfire burning in a remote area just south of the Oregon border appears to have caused the deaths of tens of thousands of Klamath River fish, the Karuk Tribe said Saturday. The dead fish of all species were found Friday near Happy Camp, California, along the main stem of the Klamath River.

Tribal fisheries biologists believe a flash flood caused by heavy rains over the burn area caused a massive debris flow that entered the river at or near Humbug Creek and McKinney Creek. The debris entering the river led to oxygen levels in the Klamath River dropping to zero on Wednesday and Thursday nights, according to readings from tribal monitors at a nearby water quality station.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.0 earthquake hits the Izu Islands off Japan.

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Environment

Marine Heat Waves

The blistering heat waves that have scorched much of Europe this summer have also brought excessive heat to the Mediterranean, which experts warn could wipe out several marine species.

The sea between Spain and Italy has been up to 5 degrees Celsius above normal this summer, and it is feared the warmth has already ravaged ecosystems. Less severe marine heat waves also hit the Mediterranean during the past several years, leading to mass die-offs of marine life. Relentless heat and drought have also ravaged crops, including the prized olive trees of Spain and Italy.

The Shortest Day

Earth spun on its axis just an itsy bitsy teenie weenie bit faster on June 29, causing us to experience the shortest day since measurements began in the 1960s. By using high-precision atomic clocks, scientists determined that Earth completed its spin that day just 1.59 millisecond shy of 24 hours.

Influences such as earthquakes, El Niño, the moon’s gravity, storms and even vanishing glaciers can affect earth’s rotation. There have been several unusually shorter days in recent years, including 2020, when 28 were among the shortest in the past 50 years. But in the long term, Earth’s rotation is actually slowing down about one- 74,000th of a second each year, mainly due to the gravitational tug of the moon.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

Diphtheria – Reunion

Reunion reports four cases of diphtheria on the island since the beginning of the year– a teenager and three adults over the age of 55 who have not travelled.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

There are no current tropical storms.

Newsbytes:

Yemen – More severe flooding has caused damage and fatalities in parts of Yemen, in particular in Hajjah and Al Jawf governorates over the last few days. Heavy rain and flooding struck in several districts of Hajjah Governorate from 03 August 2022. The city of Hajjah recorded 24.6 mm of rain in 24 hours to 03 August, 2022. Flooding and heavy rains also has caused damage and fatalities in Al Jawf Governorate. Two people died after a vehicle was swept away in Khabb wa ash Sha’af District. Six homes were destroyed and around 20 damaged in Al Hazm city. A number of other districts were also affected, with homes, crops, water wells and solar electricity systems all damaged.

Japan – Authorities issued evacuation orders to over 300,000 people in northern and central Japan after heavy rain caused flooding and mudslides. Disaster authorities reported dozens of homes have been damaged in the prefectures of Aomori, Iwate, Akita and Fukushima. Houses were also damaged in Yamagata and Niigata prefectures. A bridge in Iide, Yamagata was destroyed.

Nigeria – At least 7 people have lost their lives and hundreds of homes have been damaged or destroyed after severe flooding in parts of Jigawa State in northern Nigeria. Heavy rain from around 01 August 2022 triggered floods in several parts of Jigawa including the Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Kiri Kasamma, Dutse, Hadejia, Kafin Hausa, Guri, Auyo and Jahun. Several other people have been injured and hundreds of homes damaged or destroyed. Wide areas of farmland and crops have also suffered damage.

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Wildlife

Whaling “Collapse”

Japan’s whaling industry appears to be struggling to stay in business due to cutbacks in government subsidies and younger Japanese turning their backs on what was once a staple food. The industry has faced condemnation for using a loophole in International Whaling Commission rules that allowed it to hunt the marine mammals under the guise of scientific research.

But without subsidies, Kyodo Senpaku Co., the only offshore whaling company in Japan, has recently been selling whale meat below the break-even cost. “Even the Japan Fisheries Agency has now abandoned any pretense that commercial whaling can be profitable,” said Patrick Ramage, head of the International Fund for Animal Welfare.

Bird Flu Victims

The avian influenza outbreak that has ravaged poultry and wild birds around the world this year now seems to be killing seals along Canada’s St. Lawrence River. At least 15 of the 100 marine mammals found dead along the waterway since January have tested positive for the highly pathogenic H5N1 strain of the virus.

Stéphane Lair of the University of Montreal says the seals most likely contracted the virus from infected eider ducks, with which they share the same islands to give birth at the beginning of summer. A spokesman for Fisheries and Oceans Canada says these are the first cases of the virus being passed from wild birds to marine mammals ever reported in Quebec.

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Environment

Huge Sinkhole Opens in Chile

An enormous sinkhole wide enough to swallow the White House has opened up on a plot of mining land in Chile, according to Sernageomin, the country’s National Service of Geology and Mining.

The gaping, 104-foot-wide (32 meters) hole appeared Saturday (July 30) in a rural area outside the town of Tierra Amarilla, about 500 miles (800 kilometers) north of the capital city, Santiago. (In comparison, the White House measures about 85 feet, or 26 m, wide.)The hole appears to be about 656 feet (200 m) deep, with a reservoir of water sloshing around the bottom.

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Environment

Global Temperature Extremes

The week’s hottest temperature was 48.0 degrees Celsius (118.4 degrees F) at Death Valley, California.

The week’s coldest temperature was minus 64.0 degrees Celsius (-83.2degrees F) at the South Pole, Antarctica.

Temperatures were tabulated from the more than 10,000 worldwide synoptic weather stations. The United Nations World Meteorological Organization sets the standards for weather observations, and provides a global telecommunications circuit for data distribution.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – Washington, USA

The Cow Canyon Fire eight miles southwest of Ellensburg spread rapidly after it was reported Wednesday August 3 at 2:45 p.m. It is spreading through brush, grass, and timber and has grown to approximately 1,500 acres. Evacuations orders are affecting about 50 homes were issued.

The Vantage Highway Fire 17 miles east of Ellensburg has burned 26,490 acres of brush north of the Vantage Highway since it started August 1. Most of the spread on Wednesday was on the northwest side. Fire fighters report that one residence and one outbuilding have been destroyed.

Wildfires – Germany

A large fire has broken out in one of Berlin’s biggest city forests, triggered by several explosions that took place at an ammunition dump on what is forecast to be one of the hottest days so far this year. More than 100 firefighters were battling the blaze in the German capital’s Grunewald forest in the west of the city.

The fire was spreading quickly and massive explosions could be heard from the site where old ammunition from World War II, fireworks and explosive ordnance is stored, and controlled explosions are regularly carried out.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

Monkeypox – USA

On Thursday, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services declared the ongoing spread of monkeypox virus in the United States a Public Health Emergency (PHE).

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Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity – Ongoing Activity for the week 27 July – 2 August 2022

Ebeko – Paramushir Island (Russia) : KVERT reported that moderate activity at Ebeko was ongoing during 21-28 July. According to volcanologists in Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island, about 7 km E) explosions generated ash plumes that rose up to 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted in multiple directions.

Great Sitkin – Andreanof Islands (USA) : AVO reported that slow lava effusion at Great Sitkin continued during 26 July-2 August. Weather clouds obscured satellite and webcam views during most of the week, though satellite radar data confirmed ongoing effusion; flows thickened but did not advance. Seismicity was low, and occasional local earthquakes were recorded. Steam emissions were visible in satellite and webcam images during 29-30 July.

Grimsvotn – Iceland : The Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) reported that increased seismicity, characterized by several earthquakes with magnitudes over 1, began at Grímsvötn during the afternoon of 2 August and continued through the afternoon of 3 August. The largest event was a M 3.6 detected at 1424.

Karymsky – Eastern Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 21-23 and 27-28 July. Ash plumes were identified in satellite images drifting 46 km ESE on 27 July.

Kilauea – Hawaiian Islands (USA): HVO reported that lava continued to effuse from a vent in the lower W wall of Kilauea’s Halema`uma`u Crater during 26 July-2 August, entering the lava lake and flowing onto the crater floor. Minor ooze-outs along the margins of the crater floor were visible during 1-2 August. The lake level remained at the bounding levees.

Krakatau – Sunda Strait : PVMBG reported that the eruption at Anak Krakatau continued during 27 July-2 August. Several eruptive events occurred on 2 August (at 1549, 1835, 1906, 2249, and 2319) and on 3 August (at 0034, 0115, and 1540), sometimes producing black ash plumes that rose as high as 1.5 km above the summit and drifted NE and SW.

Merapi – Central Java : BPPTKG reported that the eruption at Merapi continued during 22-28 July. Based on photo analyses, the volumes of both the SW and central lava domes had increased, with recent volume estimates of 1.67 and 2.79 million cubic meters, respectively. Seismicity remained at high levels. As many as 47 lava avalanches traveled down the Bebeng drainage on the SW flank, reaching a maximum distance of 1.8 km.

Pavlof – Alaska Peninsula, Alaska: AVO reported that a minor eruption at a vent on Pavlof’s upper E flank was ongoing during 26 July-2 August. Daily elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite images. Seismic tremor persisted and multiple daily explosions were detected in local and regional seismic and infrasound data. The explosions likely produced minor ash emissions that rose no higher than 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l., though cloud cover prevented confirmation on most days. Ash emissions were visible in webcam images during 27-28 July. Sulfur dioxide gas emissions were visible on 26 July and team emissions were noted during 30-31 July.

Semeru – Eastern Java : PVMBG reported that the eruption at Semeru continued during 27 July-2 August. Eruptive events recorded at 0637 on 27 July, 0926 on 29 July, 0825 on 31 July, 0757 on 1 August, 0555 on 2 August, and 0810 on 3 August produced ash plumes that rose 500-700 m above the summit and drifted SW.

Sheveluch – Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that the ongoing eruption at Sheveluch was characterized by explosions, hot avalanches, and lava-dome extrusion during 21-28 July. A daily thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images, and ash plumes were visible drifting 74 km SSW and SE on 22 and 24 July.

Suwanosejima – Ryukyu Islands (Japan) : JMA reported that the eruption at Suwanosejima’s Ontake Crater continued during 25 July-2 August. One explosion produced an eruption plume that rose more than 1.8 km above the crater rim and caused ashfall in Toshima village (3.5 km SSW).

Yufu-Tsurumi – Kyushu (Japan) : JMA lowered the Alert Level for Yufu-Tsurumi to 1 (on a scale of 1-5) on 27 July, noting that seismicity had decreased after the 8 July earthquake swarm; no volcanic earthquakes were recorded on 9 July and afterwards.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.6 earthquake hits near the east coast of Honshu, Japan.

5.5 earthquake hits Nicaragua.

5.5 earthquake hits the Izu Islands off Japan.

5.3 earthquake hits the Izu Islands off Japan.

5.3 earthquake hits the Kermedec Islands.

5.1 earthquake hits Tonga.

5.0 earthquake hits the Izu Islands off Japan.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Northwest Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 08w (Eight), located approximately 38 nm north of Hong Kong, is tracking west-northwestward at 10 knots.

Newsbytes:

Sri Lanka – Heavy rain since the start of August has caused flooding and landslides in Sri Lanka. As of 03 August at least 3 people had lost their lives and 2,374 were displaced. Sri Lanka’s Department of Meteorology reported 243.2 mm of rain fell in Norton in Nuwara Eliya District in 24 hours to 02 August 2022. The following day 212 mm of rain was recorded at the weather station near the Canyon Reservoir Dam, also in Nuwara Eliya District.

The Gambia – At least 2 people have died and over 230 households have been severely affected or displaced after the heaviest rainfall in over 20 years caused flooding in parts of the Gambia from late July 2022. Affected areas include the capital Banjul and Kanifing Local Government Area, as well as the West Coast and North Bank Regions. Two people died and 1 was severely injured in storms and floods in North Bank on 30 July 2022. At least 235 households have been affected after flooding damaged homes. Some of the residents have moved to safer areas, taking refuge in public buildings. Flood survivors are in urgent need of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services.

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Global Warming

The term “global warming” appeared for the first time in 1975

The term “global warming” appeared for the first time in print on August 8, 1975, with the publication of Wallace Smith Broecker’s paper “Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming?” in the journal Science.

Broecker argued that there was an increasingly likely scenario for this to happen: the ongoing rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide content created by fossil fuel emissions would soon begin to warm the planet, in turn warming surface waters in the ocean and melting ice into fresh water. This would reduce the waters’ density, thereby preventing cold water from sinking, altering ocean currents and effectively shutting off the conveyor belt. If that were to happen, he postulated, Europe would grow cooler as it did during the Ice Age. The more disruptive effect would come from unpredictable “on-and-off flickers” in global temperature. As Broecker put it in 1998, “the climate system is an angry beast and we are poking it with sticks.”

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Wildfires

Wildfires – California, USA

A week ago, the scenic Northern California hamlet of Klamath River was home to about 200 people and had a community center, post office and a corner grocery store. Now, after the McKinney wildfire raged through the forested region near the Oregon state line, four people are dead and the store is among the few buildings not reduced to ashes.

More than 100 buildings ranging from homes to sheds have burned. Identifying the four people who were killed could take several days. The fire has charred nearly 90 square miles (233 square kilometers) and is the largest in California so far this year. The cause is unknown.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

Monkeypox, Typhoid, Plague – DR Congo

From 1 January – 28 July 2022, the Democratic Republic of the Congo reported 2,266 suspected including 163 confirmed cases from 116 health zones across 20 provinces.

In 2022, from the beginning of the year to 10 July 2022, 1,021,535 suspected cases of typhoid fever including 471 deaths were recorded in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

DRC reports 537 suspected plague cases in the health zone of Rethy, located in Djugu territory, Ituri province, DR Congo for the four month period of 27 Mar 2022 to 31 Jul 2022.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic Fever – Iraq

In a brief statement, the ministry stated that the number of hemorrhagic fever cases rose to 273, while 49 deaths were recorded.

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Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity – New Activity for the week 27 July – 2 August 2022

Aira – Kyushu (Japan) : JMA lowered the Alert Level for Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano to 3 (on a 5-level scale) on 27 July, noting that after the larger eruption on 24 July material had not been ejected more than 2 km from the crater; residents were warned to stay 2 km away from the crater. During 25 July-1 August the seismic network recorded about 11 explosions and 19 eruptive events, producing plumes that rose as high as 2.2 km above the summit and ejected material far as 1.1 km. Crater incandescence was visible nightly. No deformation was detected.

Askja – Iceland : On 27 July IMO stated that uplift at Askja began in August 2021 and since then had totaled 35 cm, centered in the W part of Askja lake. The uplift was rapid, compared to similar volcanoes around the world, and likely caused by a magmatic intrusion at an estimated depth of 2 km. Seismicity remained low.

Ioto – Volcano Islands : Satellite images of Ioto (Iwo-jima) acquired on 15 July showed a darker area in the water along the SE coast, possibly above or near the 2001 vent, and a plume of discolored water drifting NE. Video taken on or around 25 July showed a white plume rising from the same area. Satellite images during 30-31 July showed small rounded gray zones at the water surface.

Krysuvik-Trolladyngja – Reykjanes Peninsula : Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) reported that an intense earthquake swarm began around noon on 30 July within the Krýsuvík-Trölladyngja volcanic system. The earthquakes were located in an area just NE of lava field in Geldingadalir, along the dike intrusion that preceded the March-September 2021 eruption. The swarm was likely caused by a magmatic intrusion at depths of 5-7 km. Earthquakes were reportedly felt in SW Iceland, in Reykjanesbær, Grindavík, the Capital region, and as far as Borgarnes. Several earthquakes were above M 3; a larger M 4 event was recorded at 1403. IMO raised the Aviation Color Code to Yellow, based on above-background seismic levels. At around 1800 the epicenters shallowed to depths of 2-5 km. By 1527 on 31 July almost 3,000 earthquakes had been detected, with four of the events larger than an M 4. A larger M 5.4 earthquake was detected at 1748. IMO reported at 1749 on 2 August that deformation models indicated magma around 1 km below the surface. The intrusion rate was close to double that recorded prior to the 2021 eruption, though by the reporting time the intrusion and seismicity rates had slowed. IMO noted that a similar pattern of events took place prior to the last eruption and stated that the likelihood of an eruption had increased. An effusive eruption began at 1315 on 3 August in Meradalir, near the border of the previous flow field N of Fagradalsfjall. Webcam video showed lava fountains rising along a 300-m-long fissure.

Kuchinoerabujima – Ryukyu Islands (Japan) : JMA reported that the number of volcanic earthquakes with hypocenters near Kuchinoerabujima’s crater began increasing around 1000 on 30 July and remained elevated. The Alert level was raised to 2 (on a scale of 1-5) on 31 July. Around 40 volcanic earthquakes were recorded by 1500 on 1 August. JMA noted that daily emissions of sulfur dioxide gas remained low, with a rate less than 50 tons per day. No deformation was detected.

Raung – Eastern Java : According to PVMBG an eruption at Raung at 1719 on 27 July produced a gray ash plume that rose 1-1.5 km above the summit and drifted W and NW. On 28 July a thermal anomaly in the crater was identified in satellite images and data from the GPS network indicated inflation, likely from an intrusion of magma. Seismicity on 29 July was dominated by continuous tremor. The Alert Level was raised to 2 (on a scale of 1-4) that same day, and the public was warned to stay 3 km away from the crater.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.9 earthquake hits offshore Honduras.

5.4 earthquake hits Mindanao in the Philippines.

5.3 earthquake hits Fiji.

5.0 earthquake hits the South Sandwich Islands.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical Depression 07e (Georgette), located approximately 1226 nm southwest of San Diego, is tracking north-northeastward at 07 knots.

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Global Warming

Possibility of Human Extinction

Catastrophic climate change outcomes, including human extinction, are not being taken seriously enough by scientists, a new study says.

The authors say that the consequences of more extreme warming – still on the cards if no action is taken – are “dangerously underexplored”.

They argue that the world needs to start preparing for the possibility of what they term the “climate endgame”.

Uncontrolled temperature rises and the social and political consequences will directly affect two nuclear powers, and seven maximum containment laboratories housing the most dangerous pathogens. There is serious potential for disastrous knock-on effects if global warming is not contained.

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Wildfires

Wildfires are wiping out one of Greece’s major export products

Wildfires in Greece are impacting not just humans but the bees that make pine honey, a major export. As extreme weather rages, the country is increasing funding available to battle the flames and bringing in firefighters from around Europe.

Wildfires – Czech Republic

As many as 900 firefighters are now battling fires in the Czech Republic’s Bohemian Switzerland National Park, the local fire and rescue service said Monday. 200 tank trucks, 18 helicopters and 5 planes have been deployed to combat the fires that have been raging for nine days now. The fire spans the borders of the Czech Republic and Germany, and countries such as Slovakia, Poland, Italy, Germany and Sweden have dispatched firefighting aircraft to control the fires.

Wildfires – British Columbia, Canada

Evacuation orders have been issued to 324 properties in the southern interior of British Columbia following the significant growth of bushfires in Kerimos Creek over the past day. As of Monday at 2:30 p.m. PT, the area of ​​the fire in southwest Penticton was estimated at 22.6 square kilometers, more than five times the estimate given the day before.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

Syphilis – Japan

Japan is on target to set a record in syphilis cases this year, possibly topping 10,000 cases in 2022 if cases grow at the current pace. As of July 27, Japan’s National Institute of Infectious Diseases reported 6385 total syphilis cases.

Dengue Fever – Philippines

In a follow-up on the dengue fever situation in the Philippines, the Department of Health reports 82,597 cases as of July 16. The dengue fever death toll this year has eclipsed the 300 mark with 319 fatalities.

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.2 earthquake hits the Santa Cruz Islands.

5.1 earthquake hits Iceland.

5.1 earthquake hits Fiji.

5.0 earthquake hits the Moro Gulf, Mindanao, Philippines.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical Storm 07e (Frank), located approximately 668 nm southwest of San Diego, is tracking northwestward at 09 knots.

Tropical Depression 07e (Georgette), located approximately 1387 nm southwest of San Diego, is tracking north-northeastward at 04 knots.

Newsbytes:

Uganda – Catastrophic flooding and landslides in the Eastern Region of Uganda have left at least 10 dead and hundreds homeless after heavy rain caused rivers to overflow. Flooding and landslides struck following heavy rain on the slopes of Mount Elgon late on 30 July 2022. Areas of Mbale, Kapchorwa and Sironko Districts in Eastern Region have all been severely affected. Houses were submerged and crops and roads wiped out.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

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Earthquakes

Magnitude 5+ Earthquakes – Global

5.5 earthquake hits southwestern Pakistan.

5.4 earthquake hits Luzon in the Philippines.

5.4 earthquake hits the Izu Islands off Japan.

Two 5.3 earthquakes hit the Fox Islands in the Aleutian Islands.

5.2 earthquake hits southwestern Pakistan

5.2 earthquake hits New Ireland, Papua New Guinea.

5.1 earthquake hits near the north coast of New Guinea, Papua New Guinea.

5.0 earthquake hits Iceland.

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Storms and Floods

Tropical Storms – Roundup of Tropical Storms:

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Tropical Storm 07e (Frank), located approximately 718 nm south-southwest of San Diego, is tracking northwestward at 12 knots.

Tropical Depression 07e (Georgette), located approximately 1391 nm southwest of San Diego, is tracking northwestward at 01 knot.

In the Northwest Pacific Ocean: Tropical depression 07w (Trases), located approximately 90 nm south of Kunsan AFB, South Korea, is tracking northward at 18 knots.

Newsbytes:

Iran – At least 69 people have been killed in flooding and landslides that hit cities across Iran, Iran’s Crisis Management Organization said on Sunday. At least 45 people are still missing in Tehran and three other provinces following the recent floods, which damaged at least 20,000 residential homes. More than 20 provinces, including the Tehran province, have been affected by the floods that were caused by heavy rainfall. Several airports and main highways were closed and thousands of people evacuated.

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Wildfires

Wildfires – Wyoming, Nebraska, California USA

The Fish Fire 8 miles south-southeast of Sundance, Wyoming is prompting evacuations south of the city. Evacuation orders are in effect from south of Canyon Springs Road to the south end of the fire, and east of Wyoming Highway 585. The fire has burned 500 acres.

Another fire in the Northern Great Plains has been burning since 6:30 p.m. on July 30 seven miles southwest of Scotts Bluff, Nebraska. The Carter Canyon Fire has grown to approximately 13,000 acres, with part of it being within the Cedar Canyon Wildlife Management Area south of Carter Canyon.

Meanwhile the McKinney fire, in Northern California has burned more than 51,000 acres as of Sunday afternoon.

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Disease

Covid-19

The countries with the 10 greatest number of Covid-19 cases:

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