Volcanos

Roundup of Global Volcanic Activity – Ongoing Activity for the week 6 April – 12 April 2022

Aira – Kyushu (Japan) : JMA reported that incandescence at Minamidake Crater (at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) was visible at night during 4-11 April. Very small eruptive events were recorded on 6 and 9 April.

Dukono – Halmahera : Based on satellite and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 7-12 April ash plumes from Dukono rose to 2.1-2.4 km (7,000-8,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NE and NW.

Great Sitkin – Andreanof Islands (USA) : AVO reported that slow lava effusion at Great Sitkin continued during 5-12 April and very low seismicity persisted. The lava flows on the S, W, and N flanks had advanced up to 10 m during 2-8 April, and elevated surface temperatures identified in satellite images during 8-10 April indicated continuing effusion. Steaming from the vent and flow field was occasionally identified in satellite images.

Heard – Kerguelen Plateau : Satellite images of Heard Island’s Big Ben volcano showed thermal anomalies of varying intensity over Mawson Peak (the summit area) and on the NW flank during the previous month. Weather clouds prevented views of the volcano for 11 of the 14 acquisitions during 11 March-13 April. On 11 March a small thermal anomaly at the peak was visible along with a larger anomaly over a vent or multiple vents about 1 km W; the larger anomaly was elongated NE-SW, suggesting a lava flow. Multiple anomalies in the same areas were visible on 31 March and 13 April.

Kadovar – Northeast of New Guinea : Based on satellite and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 8 April an ash plume from Kadovar rose to an altitude of 1.5 km (5,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE.

Karymsky – Eastern Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 3 and 5-6 April; the volcano was quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 1-8 April.

Katmai – Alaska : AVO reported that on 8 April strong winds in the vicinity of Katmai and the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes blew unconsolidated ash SE towards Kodiak Island at an altitude up to 2.4 km (8,000 ft) a.s.l. The ash was originally deposited during the Novarupta eruption in 1912.

Kilauea – Hawaiian Islands (USA) : HVO reported that lava effusion from a vent in the lower W wall of Kilauea’s Halema`uma`u Crater continued at variable rates during 5-12 April. Lava from a vent flowed into the active W part of the lava lake, which comprised about 2.3 percent of the total crater floor’s surface, and onto the crater floor. The surface of the lava lake was active all week, and the height of the lake fluctuated. Numerous ooze outs of lava were visible along the lake’s NW, NE, E, and SE margins; a more substantial ooze-out at the N margin was active during 6-7 April. A small outbreak at the W vent was visible overnight during 8-9 April. Just after 2300 on 10 April a flow emerged from the S side on the vent that covered areas along the southwest and western margins through 12 April.

Lewotolok – Lembata Island : The eruption at Lewotolok continued during 5-12 April according to PVMBG. Daily white-and-gray ash plumes with variable densities rose as high as 500 m above the summit and drifted E, NW, and W. Photos posted by PVMBG showed nighttime crater incandescence and incandescent material being ejected.

Merapi – Central Java : BPPTKG reported no significant morphological changes at Merapi’s summit lava dome during 1-7 April. Based on photo analyses, the volume of the SW lava dome was 1.7 million cubic meters while the central lava dome was 2.6 million cubic meters. Seismicity remained at high levels. As many as 144 lava avalanches originating from the SW dome traveled a maximum of 2 km down the Bebeng drainage on the SW flank. A single pyroclastic flow traveled 1.5 km down the SW flank.

Nevado del Ruiz – Colombia : Servicio Geológico Colombiano’s (SGC) reported that at 1713 on 11 April a seismic signal at Nevado del Ruiz was recorded along with an ash, gas, and steam plume. The plume rose almost 3.3 km above the summit and drifted N, causing minor ashfall around the volcano as reported by Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados staff. It was also visible in webcam images and from the city of Manizales, 28 km NW.

Pavlof – Alaska Peninsula, Alaska : AVO reported that the eruption at a vent on Pavlof’s upper E flank was ongoing during 5-12 April, and seismic tremor persisted. Elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite images almost daily. Possible minor lava effusion was visible in satellite images on 6 April, and a few small explosions were recorded each day during 6-9 April. Low-level ash emissions were visible in webcam and satellite images during 6-7 April, and satellite images captured ash and pyroclastic flow deposits extending at most 1.5 km from the vent and short lava flows on 9 April. Steam emissions from the vent were visible during 8-10 April.

Rincon de la Vieja – Costa Rica : OVSICORI-UNA reported that a small eruptive event at Rincón de la Vieja was recorded at 0136 on 6 April, though the event was not visible due to poor visibility. Two small phreatic eruptions were recorded on 7 April at 1141 and 1323, based on webcam data. The resulting plumes rose 1,000 m and 500 m above the crater, respectively.

Sabancaya – Peru : Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported moderate levels of activity at Sabancaya during 4-10 April with a daily average of 52 explosions. Gas-and-ash plumes rose as high as 2.5 km above the summit and drifted E, SE, and S. Three thermal anomalies originating from the lava dome in the summit crater were identified in satellite data. Minor inflation continued to be detected near Hualca Hualca (4 km N).

Semeru – Eastern Java : PVMBG reported that the eruption at Semeru continued during 5-12 April. Ash plumes rose 0.4-1 km above the summit during 6 and 8-12 April and drifted N. NW, and SW.

Semisopochnoi – Aleutian Islands (USA) : AVO reported that low-level eruptive activity at Semisopochnoi’s North Cerberus cone continued during 6-12 April. Periods of seismic tremor were detected daily and occasional small explosions were recorded on most days in seismic and regional infrasound data. Partly-to-mostly-cloudy webcam views and occasional satellite images showed daily short-lived ash bursts and more continuous steam emissions. Steam plumes drifted as far as 70 km SW during 6-7 April. A low-level steam plume drifted more than 100 km at altitudes less than 1.5 km (5,000 ft) a.s.l. during 7-8 April. A low-level ash plume drifted up to 80 km WNW on 8 April. Local ash deposits were occasionally visible.

Sheveluch – Central Kamchatka (Russia) : KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Sheveluch was identified in satellite images during 2-8 April. The lava dome continued to grow and strong fumarolic activity, incandescence, and avalanches accompanied this activity.

Suwanosejima – Ryukyu Islands (Japan) : JMA reported that eruptive activity continued to be recorded at Suwanosejima’s Ontake Crater during 4-8 April. Two explosions produced eruption plumes that rose as high as 3.3 km above the crater rim and ejected blocks as far as 500 m from the crater. Ashfall was reported in Toshima village (3.5 km SSW). No eruptive activity was noted during 9-11 April, though emissions rose 700 m.

Wolf – Isla Isabela (Galapagos) : IG reported that the eruption at Wolf continued during 5-12 April. Minor sulfur dioxide emissions were recorded during 5-6 April. Thermal data captured and mapped on 6 April indicated that lava flows were getting closer to the coast; daily thermal alert counts, as many as around 154, indicated active and advancing lava flows during the rest of the week.

Yasur – Vanuatu : The Wellington VAAC reported that during 9 and 11-12 April ash-and-steam emissions from Yasur were intermittently visible in webcam and satellite images rising 0.9-1.8 km (3,000-6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifting SE.

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